Deep Breathing

The lady is the last to board the plane, and you see her heading your way.

There are several empty seats, but you see her looking at the window seat next to you. Damn. She looks way too perky. “Excuse me,” she says looking at her ticket, then stretching her head over your lap to look at the seat number. “That’s me.”  

You realize she’s expecting you to stand up and help her.

“Here, will you put these up there for me?” she asks, handing you her heavy briefcase. You shove it in the overhead and return to your seat.

“I shouldn’t drink this coffee. I’m trying to give it up,” she says pointing to the super grande sized cup of coffee.

You just nod your head. You don’t have time to say anything.

“I try to drink half decaf in the afternoon, but I need to make my own then. Starbucks only sells it all decaf or all caffeine. You’d think there’d be plenty of people out there like me wanting half and half.”

“Can’t you just fill your cup halfway with each coffee?”

“I need a latte or mocha, not just coffee.  At home, I drink just coffee, but not when I buy it.”

“Hmmmm.”

“I used to drink about eight cups a day, but some of the people at work complained I was getting too edgy, too nervous, and suggested I cut back.”

“Ah.”

“I don’t eat meat.  Read a book once.  Changed my life.  You probably don’t want to hear about that.”

You’re probably right, you think, but she carries on about the book in great detail.  You’re on a small puddle jumper plane and the more she talks, the more claustrophobic you feel.  Talk talk talk.  “My ex-husband liked meat.  Part of the reason we divorced.  He’d fry bacon.  Bacon of all things.  He’d do this when I was waitressing. Never when I was home.  But I could smell it.  Bacon!”

“I like the smell of bacon.”

“You should read..”

For once, you cut her off.  “I like the smell more than the taste.  I get hungry whenever I smell my neighbors grilling meat.  I love the smell of barbecued meat sizzling on the grill.  I rarely light the grill.  Rarely cook,” you admit.

“I love to bake.  I love sweets.  Guess it’s true about vegetarians replacing meat with sugar.”

You sigh heavily.

“I know. I talk too much. I need to stop.  Guess I’ve had too much coffee. I made a pot before I left home.  Then I stopped by this coffee shop for another cup on the road. It’s a long drive to the airport.

And I knew I shouldn’t buy this cup at the airport.”

You think of yourself as a pacifist, as mellow, but this woman is pushing you to the edge.  You fantasize throwing her out the airplane window, imagining her floating through the clouds, rambling incessantly about her coffee, oblivious to the fact that no is listening.

“I’m really addicted to caffeine.  And sugar. Really.  I need to quit.

I can’t sleep at night.”

The stewardess frees you from listening to the woman’s chatter when she offers her coffee.  You wonder if the stewardess has it out for you.  Can’t she see this woman is flying high on caffeine?  They wouldn’t offer a drunk a drink.

You breathe heavily again, trying to will away these thoughts.  This woman is really getting to you. You wonder if you’ve ever been like her.  No, no, no wine for me. Then started ranting about how you love wine.  How you can’t stop at one glass. Rant, rant, rant, though you were only offered a drink.

Then it hits you. You know you’ve been like her.  It’s the most troubling realization.  You wonder how often you’ve been like her, why no one stopped you, pulled you aside and said just saying no was enough.  You wonder if this is why you’re getting so few dinner invitations.

You look at the woman and hear yourself speaking.  It’s like these words are coming out of her mouth, but it’s you doing the talking.   I can’t drink wine.  The people at work said I was getting too edgy. Said I had to cut back.  Said I wasn’t being  nice.  Said I wasn’t being productive.

The woman keeps talking about when she gave up meat, and how she can’t understand why she can’t give up caffeine when she can give up flesh.

She makes your head spin.

You wave to the stewardess and ask for a Bloody Mary.

“That looks good,” the woman says.  “I get too weird when I drink. I’d need celery,” she says when you just get the can of juice and tiny bottle of vodka.

You pour the vodka into the cup and can’t believe you’re doing this.

You haven’t had a drink in two years.  You look at the woman, the drink, your hands, the window, imagine her body floating, then remember that prayer, that AA give-me-the-strength-prayer, those meetings, the people who talked all the time, the stories they told, how they made you feel more like drinking than before you arrived for the meeting.

You look at the woman, the drink in your hand, and wish there was some way you could speed ahead in time so you could figure out what will happen next, and then, what will happen after that.

You smell your drink.  Really smell your drink.  You put your nose above the plastic glass and inhale deeply.  The woman looks at you with disgust.  She, of all people, the woman who has gone on and on about loving coffee can’t stand to see you inhaling the vapors from your drink.  You inhale again.  And again.

The woman calls the stewardess over to take her coffee.  Like you, she knows. She looks sickened.

You hand the stewardess your drink.

You take a deep breath. The woman takes a deep breath. Finally, there’s silence.

 

 

Diane Payne, her daughter, and several critters live in the humid, hot Delta region where everyone must be singing the blues.  She recently published her first the novel Burning Tulips and has completed a short story collection still looking for a home.

When the Rains Came Down

When the Rains Came Down

The first shower usually stutters, is uncertain.  This time
it unbuckled its load.   The skies are clear this morning.
I can see Jenin to the east, and the monastery
on Mount Tabor.   The rains have tamed the place
softened my olive tree that was dusty and aging,
polished begonias and added height to radishes
planted from seed.

I count cyclamens forcing through,  ferns
stretching in the shade. The garden seems bigger now.
Scorched patches have come alive.
Lavender, just planted, trembles.  Oregano
is in the air today, and mint.  Olives spin
from the tree,
black and ripe.

I want you to know about this morning.
For months the earth has twisted
from the sun.   The crust opens now,
trusts again, accepts.
This I would tell you also:
The rain’s intrusion heals,
can bring dry bones back.

 

 

Rochelle Mass was born in Winnipeg, Canada, grew up in Vancouver,
Canada and moved with her husband and daughters to Kibbutz Beit HaShita, in the
Jezreel Valley of Israel in 1973.  Today they live in a small community on the
western flank of the Gilboa mountains where they cure and press their olives and
harvest lemons and figs.  Ms. Mass works as a translator and editor.  Ms. Mass’ most
recent poetry collection is The Startled Land, Wind River Press, 2003.  Her work has
been nominated for the Pushcart prize, shortlisted by the B.B.C. for Middle East Stories
and shortlisted again by the BBC for a Radio Play.  She won first and second prize in
the Reuben Rose Poetry Competition.  She has been widely published and we
are grateful to have her among our contributors.

You Can’t Switch Moods

You Can’t Switch Moods

You can’t switch moods
you’ve got to stay put
remain at attention.
A hamsin has struck today: drives sand in, confiscates air.
No matter how far you move from the center
you get sucked in.

There’s no signal.  Suddenly bands of heat drop like party streamers.
Gardens shrink from the hostility, space cowers.

As if it has no history, the hamsin comes at you
isn’t attached to yesterday, doesn’t know
where you were before.  No questions asked.
It spins you into yourself, cracks your faith
that anything else can happen.
Your plans are delayed. Energy withers, it is so dry.

Not a hurricane, nor a tornado so what’s a person to do?
You feel expelled from your own yard
pressed up behind shutters.
Isn’t shaped like spring, doesn’t sprawl like summer,
The last days remain a blur, the only evidence
dust on every table.

Finally, the Gilboa mountain
fills the sky again
with pine trees and pocked boulders.
Reminds me of its contour.
The horizon has returned
the hamsin gone.

 

Rochelle Mass was born in Winnipeg, Canada, grew up in Vancouver,
Canada and moved with her husband and daughters to Kibbutz Beit HaShita, in the
Jezreel Valley of Israel in 1973.  Today they live in a small community on the
western flank of the Gilboa mountains where they cure and press their olives and
harvest lemons and figs.  Ms. Mass works as a translator and editor.  Ms. Mass’ most
recent poetry collection is The Startled Land, Wind River Press, 2003.  Her work has
been nominated for the Pushcart prize, shortlisted by the B.B.C. for Middle East Stories
and shortlisted again by the BBC for a Radio Play.  She won first and second prize in
the Reuben Rose Poetry Competition.  She has been widely published and we
are grateful to have her among our contributors.

Purple Toothbrush

Purple Toothbrush

      after Gluck

I like watching you brush your teeth
with your teeth in your hands. Your hands are
my favorite part of you, the part that
self-consciously covers your mouth when you

smile without your teeth. If you brushed
your teeth more often when they were still
in your head, you might still have them today.
That head should give some thought to the way

you have been doing things all of your life,
like squeezing that tube of toothpaste from
the top down, night after night, when you should have been
pinching it upward from the crimp, avoiding

waste. Watching you now in the bathroom with your
purple toothbrush in one hand, your teeth in the other,
a perfectly good tube of toothpaste in the wastebasket,
I think you are an ugly toothless wasteful thing

and I wish you would just hurry up and die
because I know when you are gone I will finally
start loving you properly, fully and completely,
and probably not before.

 

Paul Hostovsky has new poems appearing or forthcoming in Free Lunch, New
Delta Review, Bryant Literary Review, Visions International, Nebo, Slant, FRiGG, Driftwood, Heartlodge, Rock & Sling, ByLine
and others. He works in Boston as an Interpreter for the Deaf.

Greenhouse

Greenhouse

My Aunt Ellie lived in a green-
house. This was in Irvington
New Jersey. A Jew alone
is a Jew in danger, her husband
said. Their daughter, my cousin,
wanted to go where she wanted
to go. They said it was a big
mistake. In a greenhouse you
cultivate certain delicate
non-indigenous plants. The house
was green and my cousin fell
deeply in love with a black man.
When she married him her father
sat shiva for her, meaning that
he mourned her for dead. But
she was only living over in East
Orange. She had two beautiful
daughters who never knew
their grandfather on their mother’s
side. Because she was dead to him
until the day he died. That was the day
we all went over to Aunt Ellie’s house
where she was sitting shiva. We met
my cousin’s husband Toe, for the first time,
and their two daughters, Leah and Aleesha.
And we opened all the windows in
the greenhouse on that day, for outside
it was a beautiful spring day and we
broke out the expensive delicate china
from Germany which they kept locked up
in a glass breakfront in the hall.

 

 
Paul Hostovsky has new poems appearing or forthcoming in Free Lunch, New
Delta Review, Bryant Literary Review, Visions International, Nebo, Slant, FRiGG, Driftwood, Heartlodge, Rock & Sling, ByLine
and others. He works in Boston as an Interpreter for the Deaf.

Origin

http://www.ninetymeetingsinninetydays.com/images/Garden.jpg

At a time when crazy making caused my mother to start coming out of my mouth just as she had been previously sprouting out of my widening hips, superfluous thighs and rounded tummy, I thought of the words of my mother, “I’m grown get your own damn kids if you want to tell somebody what to do.”  Then she’d say “shiiiit” with an elongated I and I still don’t know how it takes a monosyllabic word five or six seconds before it finished getting said.  Well, I chose to adhere to the woman who had taught me crazy and finally get my own damn kids.

I was all like, “I am grown woman.  I am wise.  I am thirty.  Gather ‘round younglings and listen for what nugget I may have for you to digest today. Many a year I have traveled through my own personal wilderness and now I have arrived at my own personal promised land.  Please come and sit by me.  I have something to share. I have heard what it is to be grown from Mother God Herself.

The Battle Hymn Republic served as white noise to my marching about the place.  My ventures often do begin with blessed assurance, and my fears are usually dealt with in the same manner, I write them out of existence.

For years I’ve been writing things down to get them out done and over with in order to put things to rest the way you do with the dead or things that are no longer useful.  For the most part, the end result is peace, or sometimes complacency in the guise of peace.  Whatever it is, at that point I am done with it.  The dirt of my youth has been excavated and re-laid to look like the prairie-lands.  My youth did not kill me like I thought it might.  I was never pushed off the rooftop of our fourteen-story building.  I didn’t get it in a drive-by.  The boy that I slept with is just a memory and did not leave me with any ailment or child.  I came out of the whole daughter of an impoverished single mother status smelling rather like Ivory Soap.  Instead of dying, I turned thirty.

To commemorate this, I decided that the focal point of my existence will no longer be the child that I once was, but the mother I wanted to become. It is like the aphorism from 1970’s black empowerment movement.  Perceive it, believe it, achieve it.  It is number one on my list of Top Ten Ways to Avoid Becoming a Victim of One’s Life.  Alas, I recognized the maternal gene has been revealed because I have some guilt behind not being able say to my child, “The good Christian woman you call mother, waited for your father before doing the deed.”

But as a relatively stable woman, the shame that I once felt has turned into something else, something dead or no longer useful and so I am done with it.  I know that shame is the shortest distance between a point and the psychiatric unit. I am about forward motion carrying what I can and leaving behind whatever is just too damn heavy.  So there I left it, back in Brooklyn with the rest of the crooks.  I step out now in the land of prairies and lakes, a woman, a wife, a student, a counselor, a friend.  I am your every day black middle class, educated woman who is suddenly seeking motherhood and I am basking in the glow of my new demographic.

It is like that scene in Spike Lee’s film Malcolm X.  It is at the very end of the movie and Malcolm has been shot.  I’m sitting’ in the theater with Gene, who was then my boyfriend.  I must have been twenty or twenty-one.  I’m just crying and crying unable to move, I got no tissue, and I’m just sniffling and carrying on.  Anyway, Nelson Mandela is in a classroom of South African Children and one by one these children would each stand up and say in their South African dialect.  “I AM Malcolm X.”  It was something of a battle cry.  Just like Spartacus.  My new battle cry has become “I Am Mother.”  It goes back to perceive, believe, achieve.  I will achieve motherhood for I have come on the other side of youth for some purpose and this must be the purpose.

Yet, all it takes is a faint whiff or a muted sound of something smelled or heard before and there I am there again walking slowly into my home of origin, amazed at how little has changed, feeling again its narrowness that closed in on me as I grew.  I’m sitting on the same couch and watching the same black and white television with the wire hanger sticking out of it.  I’m walking along the same linoleum floor, torn and taped in some spots and the edges curling away from the walls.  Mice travel in between the chipping plaster and the bend in the linoleum.  They scratch about with speed and certainty of their environment.  It was my first home of little frill.

The reverberations outside of my mother’s first floor apartment are all so identifiable, only a great deal more pronounced than they once appeared.   I hear the three o’clock bustlings of active children just let out of school.  The lobby carries their noise like an amplifying tunnel.  I hear Jay from 111 who sold the Daily News each Sunday morning, floor by floor until he reached fourteen.  He’d sing Neeeews Paaaaper!  The echo reached my mother’s door and she’d scurry for change and a tip.  “What a nice boy,” she’d say pulling out the coupon pages as I dug through for the TV guide.  Mrs. Dockery would come knocking eventually to give us a pan of her apple stuffing.  Jehovah’s Witnesses would come knocking with the latest issue of Watchtower.

Outside, traffic moves west toward the Brooklyn Queens expressway or east toward the Brooklyn Navy Yard.  Bridges and highways, vast government subsidized buildings, city parks with graffiti adorned handball courts, it is the landscape of infrastructure and the uninterrupted presence of people, pushing or pedaling, sitting on benches in contemplation or conversation.  Sands Street craves its inhabitants just the way mountains and prairies crave theirs’, whatever theirs’ may be bears or butterflies.

Some faces may have changed but mostly they are the same.  But, what is this thing that is strangely unfamiliar?  I think that I’ve become unfamiliar.  I am not who I thought I would be and to some degree I find myself in sad reflection of a misplaced dream.  Of course, I have an affinity for black women with dreadlocks, big jewelry and something acutely honest to say.  But what I am begrudged to admit is that I never became what I revered.  I never locked my hair and for years I have not been unequivocally honest.  What I have become is tempered.  Tempered by the Midwest, tempered by marriage, by age, by middle-classdom, by religiosity and my new longings for small houses and station wagons.

I am not even sure if can call this newer place that I live home.  I have grown with cement not wildness.  Now I live with formless raspberry bushes of which I do not pick and of which I cannot destroy no matter how determined I get, and I live with rhubarb transplanted from someone’s country garden.  I know nothing of these matters.  I planted day lilies in the shade instead of in full sun.  I dropped grass seed on a patch of dirt without watering and wondered why the grass did not grow.  I cannot distinguish marigolds from carnations.  I am afraid of bunnies.  In good weather I go out for duty sake, not love.  Attempt to make things pretty.  Fail.   My husband threatens to pave the back yard.

I’ve had the audacity to ask southern ancestors who worked the earth without pay to help me find my agricultural roots.  That has helped me as much as asking my dead Cuban grandfather to help me earn an A in intermediate Spanish.  I begin to wonder why we didn’t we buy that townhouse instead, and then I remember.  We bought this house for outdoor birthday parties, for carrying pitchers of punch to a picnic table after Little League, for playing tag around the big oak tree that hinders the afternoon sun.  We bought this house for the same reason that we bought our blue station wagon.  Why else would anyone buy a station wagon, blue or otherwise?   Pulling out of the driveway I look back for safety sake, sometimes noticing the emptiness of the vehicle, and what feels like a spasm pulls at my chest, and I remember that I have once again become a person in longing.  Dreams have gotten me this far, far away from my home of origin.  Why not dream some more however it may twinge.  Pain has its reasons for being.

I once dreamt of cobblestone blocks lined with old trees and three story brownstones with black iron railings and arched an ornate doors, with one button to push with my name next to it and an intercom for me to holler, “come on up!”  I dreamt of living close enough to my home of origin to conduct Saturday morning arts and craft at the Farragut Housing Projects Community Center.  My daydreams have escaped Sands Street, though my night dreams still hover there.   Dreams of my deceased brother Victor always take place there.  I have one reoccurring dream that I knock on my mother’s door. He answers opening the door wide and saying, “Where have you been?”  I just stand there and wonder if I’d been mistaken about the everything, the wheel chair, the hospitalizations, the morphine, the weight lost, the height lost, the life lost, the cremation, the ashes sitting in my father’s apartment?  My brother who played high school and college football, MVP… jock who was also smart as hell, and somewhat cocky, who had my father’s gift for debate, the only Williams kid who didn’t take shit from anybody, happened to be the one who would die too young when cancer began to break his bones one by one, determined to show this force of a man who was in charge.  And my brother fought against the menacing disease for eight more years after the doctor had given him three months to live.  But, when I dream of him… he is whole again, broad shouldered, bowl-legged and still somewhat cocky.

Other dreams occur there, dreams of me holding babies happen there.  I had my first baby dream when I was sixteen.  I gave birth to a baby that looked more like a velvety red hair-bow.  Now, I dream of real screaming babies flaring tonsils at me demanding to be fed.  Not long ago, I dreamt of my earliest love.  He and I were too young to know when the affair ended.  It ended with summer like many good things do.  It ended with the fall chill that creeps in quietly in late August.  I stood two inches taller than he, though he was two years my senior and already in second grade.  I once thought he was as permanent as the Brooklyn Queens Expressway.  Later, I would return home for winter break from college and find him still standing or sitting on Sands Street always with a forty ounce bottle of malt liquor wrapped in a brown paper bag.  We would always be sincerely kind to one another.  How are you Derrick?  I’d ask and he’d say, “Well you know, livin’ livin’.”  I would notice how I never stopped growing long enough for him to catch up to my height and how I still loved him.  I loved him like summer.

He was my brother’s best friend, and together they were Eric and Derrick, small, but dominant point guards on the courts on High Street, with mutual affection like Magic and Isaiah who kissed each other’s cheek before games.  But Eric never kissed Derrick, I did.  It happened the day that I told him that he was my boyfriend and he said okay.  I was five, but the memory survives and is stored where first memories are kept, in the illusory bones and muscle tissue of the soul.

I dreamt that Eric, Derrick and I were together again.  We were sitting in my mother’s living room, furnished with the same navy couches, now covered with navy slipcovers.  Outside of my mother’s window were beautiful gardens with orange, yellow and purple, brushing against the billows.

“Great job on the Garden.”  Derrick said to me.  I was unaware at first, but soon realized that the garden was my doing.

“It still needs work,” I responded with false modesty.  Inside I was lit like a firefly.  We drifted in the color and I imagined myself a lilac bush swaying rhythmically at the will of the forgiving breeze.  All that botanical life astounded us and it was right there in the center of our projects just outside my mother’s first floor apartment, amidst the rumble of the B37 bus thumping over steel planks that covered the potholes on Sands Street.  I could have not been more satisfied.  Eric gave us peanuts and we ate with joy and laughed just like we did during hot months undisturbed by things to do.  The night dream merged my worlds, and in this new creation I new how to garden.  I awoke from my dream and cried for the first time after learning that Derrick had died.  Eric said it was his liver.

In my wake I have learned that I only wished that my arms had carried more of   Brooklyn to the midland.  I thought that I would be like the visitors I knew as a child.  They would return to their home of origin with mustached husbands and fat babies.  They’d be dressed in trench coats and pumps looking like somebody’s black girl-Friday.  “Where you been?”  One of the elder women would ask.  “Oh, I moved to Queens or Virginia, or I’m stationed in Germany.”  They’d have grand white smiles, enhanced by true red lips.  I would gaze at them as they passed by and greet me by my older sister’s name.  I’d correct them and they say, “girl you got big, how old are you now?”  I’d say seven or such and they’d say, “ Boy, how time flies.”

I never became one of the women who came back.  People don’t come back anymore.  They don’t pat the children on the head saying “My have you grown.”   They’re afraid of the children. They don’t mess the coat of puppies and old tired dogs too stubborn to pass on.  The pups and the old dogs now have jaws that lock and are perfectly capable of removing one’s hand from one’s body.  What we do, however, is sneak in inconspicuously to visit aging mothers and dart out towards planes, trains or automobiles to flee the disaster our home has become.

I wonder how I have come to a sense of homelessness and of wondering where to land full flesh to the ground.  As I watch my husband rake last fall’s remaining leaves, I am struck by the lack of people I see in the street.  The few that I see are busy with the upkeep of their own personal patches of green; trimming, mowing, planting in diligent attempt to have the land submit to human wills.  They don’t know that I’m watching, or don’t care.  I survey our own patch of green and notice last year’s day lilies are trying to grow again in a location not meant for them.  When I get the inclination, I will move them out of the shade and replant them in full sun where they belong.

 

 

Sherrie Lynn Maze relocated from Brooklyn, N.Y. to Minneapolis, MN in 1994.  She has taught Creative Writing at  Bethel College.  Along with writing, her two children, dreaming grand dreams, and sharing the healing properties of  writing with others are among her many passions.  This is her first appearance in the pages of R-KV-R-Y.

Clodhoppers

Missy parks her clodhoppers in the middle of the room, right in front of the television. These are her shoes; they are big, size nine, which are two sizes larger than her mother’s shoes. Sometimes, her mother calls these shoes “boats.”

“Why don’t you park your boats in your room?” Or sometimes and most often, she calls them clodhoppers. “Get those clodhoppers out of the middle of the floor.”

Missy carries them into her room. She stares at her own feet as they spread across the floor. The massive dots of pink nail polish on her toes remind her of fat women in floral dresses. The floral dresses, like the pink polish, are hiding something that no one wants to admit.

Kicking violently, Missy forces her shoes under her bed where she hides all her shoes. Shoes that fit her and shoes that don’t. Often her mother “spring cleans” the house and fills large bags of household items to donate to charity: out-of-style or too small clothes, out-grown toys, scratched and dented pans, purses, belts, and shoes. One of the major stops is Missy’s room. Cleaning was often a sign that her mother had completed some major project at work and was yet another step in the slow upward clawing to middle-class. However, there has not been any cleaning in over a month and Missy is worried. Nudging all the heels and the toes that poke out, she hides these clodhoppers with the rest. Her mother dislikes them and so must she.

Under her bed, her shoes sail across the carpet circling a moat of dragons and serpents, like floating plastic ducks, but larger or like boats in a harbor, but less subdued. Missy imagines that if she were to look under her bed, she’d have to come face to face with something that both she and her mother are denying. If the carpet were the sea, her clodhoppers would make a storm, splashing waves all murky brown.

Sitting in front of the television, Missy flips channels, settling on nothing particular. She watches music videos, reruns of Buffy, portions of old movies, the weather channel, interviews, infomercials, and sitcoms. But nothing is on. She picks up the phone and calls Chelsea.

In the kitchen, her mother is banging pots and chopping vegetables. This is the signal that Missy better come and help soon, or else. There’s not a moment to spare. Not a second of lying around or lulling on the couch entertaining one’s thoughts. Every breath must be an exertion of production; this is her mother’s philosophy, thinks Missy.

Chelsea is chipper, “So, are you coming with us or not?”

“I haven’t asked.”

“Well ask. The worse part will be the sailing, but mostly we can lay-out or swim.”

“I’ve never sailed before,” says Missy, picking at her toenails as she scrapes off the polish that missed her nail and left her skin streaked with pink. “I don’t know if I can. I mean, what if I fall in?”

When she was little, Missy took swimming lessons in a clear pool where the bottom was marked by corners. The deepest point was a drain like a large mouth waiting to suck her in. Missy liked learning how to swim, pushing her arms through the water, and looking at the soundless half bodies around her. Sometimes, she would sink beneath the surface to play tea party alone and wait to see how long she could hold her breath. Seconds would tick by and she would be in absolute solitude with her thoughts. In her class, she was the student who was always able to stay under the longest.

After each set of lessons were completed, Missy was allowed to proceed to the next level: tadpole, minnow, eel, walrus, swordfish, dolphin, and then shark. Her mother would give her a hug and say, “Congratulations! I bet you can’t wait to start the next level.”

As Missy listens to Chelsea explain sailing and the limited possibility of overturning the boat, she knows she is supposed to be an achiever. Like her mother, she should never show weakness or fear to others. Her mother has no fear and never cries. When Missy cries, her mother calls her “scaredy baby.” But Missy can’t help it. In the shower, with the radio on, Missy cries alone.

“Listen, Missy, if you can swim, you have nothing to worry about. Besides, we might even get to go snorkeling,” says Chelsea. Chelsea is a born and bred beach girl. Her parents used to own property in a small tourist town known for its quiet beaches and perfect sailing harbor. Several weeks after her parents moved to the big city, they began spending each weekend back in the town.

“I’ll call you back,” Missy hangs up and heads into the kitchen, plucking carrot chunks from her mother’s freshly made salad. Sitting on one of the stools, Missy munches as her mother stirs the sauce for the pasta.

“I have big plans for us this weekend,” her mom begins, as she sips red wine from her glass and absentmindedly wipes her hands on a towel. “I thought we could check out that new craft store on the north side of town. I’ve heard they have an exquisite selection of fabric.”

Her mom continues raving about the craft store, as she adds mushrooms and green onions to the sauce. As an afterthought, she pours straight from the bottle a generous helping of red wine into the bubbling burgundy concoction.

Last night, Missy woke up at three and as she willed her eyes open, the sounds of the kitchen drifted into her room. Her mother often stayed up till dawn perfecting some assignment for work. Sometimes, there were other voices, male or female, in hushed tones laughing. In the mornings, Missy would get up first to find empty wine bottles in the sink and red spills dried on the counter or her mother’s work carefully packed up and ready for the day. Missy had learned not to ask direct questions because if she did her mother send her away or told her to mind her own business.

Cloistered in her bed last night, Missy did not hear those signs of her mother’s life; instead she heard sobbing and glass shattering on the tile. Because her mother was not a crier, she lay breathless unable to move. Each sob further pinned her into bed while she tried to convince herself that this was not her room and this noise was not from her mother. In the morning when Missy hesitantly got up, there were red sticky spills throughout the house.

Watching her mother prepare dinner, Missy looks for signs of explanation of last night knowing there will be none. Pulling breadsticks from the oven, her mother beams through her tasks and takes long pulls on her wine. Clutching the edge of the stool, Missy hangs on, refusing yet wanting to see something out of the ordinary.

Missy knows her mom is an amazing cook; her friends “ooh” and “ah” at meal while her mom beams and asks them what kinds of meals their parents cook. Missy yearns for macaroni and cheese, hot dogs, grilled cheese or take-out pizza, but what she gets is vermicelli flan, taliarini with gorgonzola, and marinated eggplant on a bed of linguine. Missy could spend hours in the kitchen learning to cook and working recipes over until they are just right. She could be perfect.

“Missy, you can knit a mean scarf. I think it’s time for an upgrade. I think this weekend we should try for a cap. You can knit and I’ll make new curtains for your bedroom. Won’t that be fun.” Her mom says the last sentence as a statement rather than a question. She always tells Missy how to feel, how to understand, when there is fun, and when there is not.

Carrying the salad to the table, Missy realizes that it’s her mother or Chelsea. The sounds of last night’s sobs reverberate in her head. “Mom, Chelsea’s parents are going to the beach this weekend and they want me to go.”

“Oh,” her mother begins.

“I want to learn how to sail and Chelsea is the only person I know who knows how.”

Rearranging her salad with the dressing now added, her mother stabs at a green pepper and examines it without eating. “What time would you be leaving?”

“Tonight, at eight.”

“Oh, Missy, I just don’t think….”

“No Mom, you don’t understand, sailing starts bright and early in the morning and we are going both days. In two days, I’ll be an expert. They’ll call me Captain Missy. And her dad is really into danger scenarios. He’s always asking: ‘If you’re on a life raft in the middle of the sea and you have no drinking water what do you do?’ or ‘If a storm comes up out of nowhere and your sail is up, what do you do?’ It will be an education. I need this, or I guess I could stay home and watch television. There’s a Buffy marathon on this weekend.”

Her mother raises one delicately pruned eyebrow and pops the green pepper into her mouth. She chews evenly. “You will have fun. You can go, but you have to pick up your room before she gets here.”

In Missy’s bedroom, it is eight o’clock and her room is neat if not clean. Her mother’s green afghan is spread on the bed with the stuffed animals her mother made propped against her hand-stuffed pillows. Missy tucks the last essentials into her backpack: swimsuit, sunblock, a book, sunglasses, and a towel. Carefully toeing the edge of her bed, she pulls out two pairs of shoes: white sandals and rubber-soled sneakers.

On her feet she puts on the large white clodhoppers; sandals that do not hide her enormous feet but rather accentuate them. She wishes they were black, because Chelsea says that black makes you look thinner. Missy’s feet have gone from seven to nine in a year. At this rate what size will I wear when I’m eighteen, Missy wonders.

Missy wishes that other things could grow in this fashion: her skill at crafts or
schoolwork. If she could only will something into perfection, make something just happen without having to try and work at it. Missy knows her mother worked hard and struggled at new tasks, but she always acted as if everything were a breeze. When her mother lost sixty pounds one year, her aunt asked her how she did it and Missy’s mother had said, “Oh, you know, it was just so easy. I just changed a few things, cut this and this out of my diet and voilà. It was magic, the weight just disappeared. It was really no work at all.”

This is not the case for me, I have to work at everything, Missy thinks. Everything except the growth of my feet; my feet are in the lead and I’m losing. Just then there’s a honk and Missy flies out the door, yelling goodbye.

The next morning, Missy, Chelsea and her parents are out on the harbor by eight. Chelsea gives Missy a motion sickness pill and Missy is relieved. She feels slightly calm and the rocking sea is almost unnoticeable and wishes that she had a pill for fear; instead she has her mother. In her mother’s life there is no such thing as fear. There is no time for it. As the waves rock the boat, Missy remembers the slick terror of diving. The long board, the wet rough sandpaper texture, and the vibrations each step made. The wind whips her hair, like the wind up on the high dive and a chill sends shivers along Missy’s skin.

In order to become a swordfish and finish the level, each student in the swim class had to learn to dive from the high dive. Missy made the mistake of telling her mother she was scared. A week before the final test for the class, Missy’s mother took her to the pool on the weekend. In the car ride over, her mother informed her that she would learn to like the high dive and that they were not leaving the pool until Missy had dived from that board several times. Inside the gates, kids played everywhere. Six life guards sat in their chairs and surveyed the mayhem, occasionally blowing their whistle or kicking a kid out.

Tears mulled in Missy’s eyes. As she smeared lotion on her arms before approaching the pool, her mother said, “Don’t be a scaredy baby, you’re embarrassing me. Diving is easy. We’ll be here until you’ve learned how to.” Walking over to the showers, Missy drenched herself thoroughly before climbing slowly into the deep end.

All afternoon, Missy swam and dived, but never once from the high dive. She avoided her mother who sought her eyes, but when Missy glanced at her, lying on the chair and oiling her body, her mother shot her disapproving glances and finally just ignored her altogether. With an hour to spare before closing time, her mother appeared as a shadow over Missy as she floated on a pink noodle.

“Get out. Now,” her mother whispered in her you’ve-gone-to-far tone. Missy did as she was told. “Now, to the diving board.” Missy walked just in front of her mother watching her feet make the water spread on the wet pavement. Following and nudging her all the way to the top, Missy’s mother forced her out onto the high board.

Missy turned, the wind chilling her skin. “Mom, I can’t do this,” she said.

Her mother had the smile for strangers on her face: happy, normal, and as slicing as broken glass. “Yes, you can. I don’t have time for this behavior.” Glancing at the lifeguards and other parents, her mother raised one eyebrow and gave her daughter a push.

“Please,” Missy begged.

With another shove, her mother said, “This is for your own good. Now jump.”

Closing her eyes and counting to three, Missy bounced and then stopped. The water below reflected the sky and looked dark and depthless. Bodies noiselessly splashed and watched her like an audience, knowing she’d lost her lines. The sound of her breath was raw in her mouth, like she’d been screaming. Her eyes felt puffed and dry from the chlorine, and the breeze made her skin sticky as she stood unable to move.  Behind her, her mother was talking but the words were not audible.

Almost by accident Missy jumped and as the air whizzed by she pressed her hands together in the diving position. Closing her eyes, she held her breathe and dove into the water. Rising to the surface once, she regained her breath and sank below the water, the only place she felt safe. Under she stayed, watching the bubbles float along her body. Her mother’s body whirled by from a perfect dive, not seeing her. Below, there was nothing, only silence. A void so complete, Missy was unsure if she was dreaming, if she was real.

When Missy resurfaced again, the pool shrieked into sound, like a crowd at a game. Everyone was talking but nothing made sense. Laughter, cries, and shouts bounced along the water and pounded into her ears. Way above her, the high dive pronged into the blue sky and like a tongue it wiggled, launching each diver into the water. For several minutes, Missy held onto the edge of the pool afraid that she was still up there, clutching the hand rail unable to dive.

As Missy watches the waves of the ocean around them, she feels like she is about to dive. With each glance back at the receding shoreline, she feels her feet on the rungs of the steps to the high dive. Missy tells herself she doesn’t have time for fear.

Chelsea’s parents stay below as the girls sit in the front by the net. This boat is more of a catamaran than a sailboat. Two large runners keep the boat afloat, with the cabin mostly above water level. In the front, suspended between the two runners is a black canvas net. Waves splash over it occasionally, but mostly run below it untouching. They spread sunblock on each other’s back and watch the coast line recede and the ocean envelop them. The sky is partially cloudy, which makes the ocean not blue and not green, but a slate gray. The farther they move from the land, the more white caps appear.

In the distance, a ferry is crossing from one side of the harbor to the other. “Watch for dolphins,” says Chelsea from sunglasses and a boatman’s cap, complete with the local beach logo. “They like to play in the wake.” Her golden curls pull and flatten in the sea breeze. Taking off her cap, she loosely plaits her hair while watching the waves. As they near the slow moving ferry, four dolphins swim through the waves. Their long dark bodies jump and move, disappear and reappear closer or farther off, like they are herding the ferry and the boat into the right direction. Missy watches her sneakers soak up the seawater as it splashes. She wears jean shorts and a tee-shirt over her bathing suit, which she knows isn’t nearly as cool as Chelsea’s surf pants and bikini. Missy creeps closer to the net and lets her whole leg rest there.

The water is warm and surprising; each splash is as expected as it is not. Missy had anticipated it to be icy and sharp. The water soaks into her jean shorts and spreads in shapes like the red spills in her mother’s house and while watching her legs, she expects blood to run from the places the water grazes. On several occasions, Missy had wiped up the wine stains from the floors and counters. After rinsing out her dishrag her hands would bleed where slivers of glass made ribbons of flesh. The blood would seep, following the creases of her palm, making tiny trails and drop into the sink. If she washed her hands, the blood would come again and she learned to wait until it dried to gently dab the red away. As Missy watches her legs, she imagines blood continuously trailing down; it blackens once it hits the water and is sucked below into the ocean.

Chelsea’s dad comes up behind them and watches the sea. “We’re making progress, in another twenty minutes we’ll be in the best place to sail today,” he says this to both of the girls and to no one. It’s like he’s telling the ocean the requirements he has of the day and nothing more. In front of them, the ocean plunges ominously, a flat line stretching across their view. Out there, no birds skirt the sky. Clamping his hand on his daughter’s shoulder he speaks again, mostly to himself, “You can take the girl out of the ocean, but you can’t take the ocean out of the girl.” His brow furrows as he squints into the sun beaming between the clouds. “Twenty minutes.”

Missy bounces her foot on the net as little droplets of water jump and fall, like shards of glass. Missy’s gray sneakers stain in the water, brim over with liquid. Like when painted by the dirt and wear of time, they will never look the same. Ruined. Garbage. Chelsea probably has no such word attached to her body; Clodhoppers, thinks Missy, what a horrible word. Clodhoppers. Dirt jumpers. Mud fliers. Trench climbers. Outdoor runners. Rock bouncers. Dust fleers. Hill sailors. Mountain ascenders. Flat splashers. Tundra travelers. Brown attainers. Black racers. Ocean fearers. Missy feels like a frog or maybe a pig, rather than a dolphin or a Chelsea. The label sounds like an ad for a distorted version of the cool new shoe for boys. And she’s not a boy. She’s a girl with clodhoppers and boats on her feet.

Watching the water, Missy tries to imagine the sea as a swimming pool, but she can’t. In the pools she has been in, Missy could always see the entire pool, every edge and corner. From every angle, Missy could see all around her while sitting with her feet dangling in the water and could watch stray leaves float along the bottom of the swimming pool. Looking out into the waves, Missy realizes that the ocean is not something she wants to touch; it is something she does not want to sink into and look around.

They sail. Or to be correct, Chelsea’s parents sail as the girls hold on and watch from the boat, the wind flying in their face. The father holds the rudder and calls out orders. Chelsea’s mom moves back and forth, switching lines, pulling in sails and letting others out. The tiny boat dips into the sea while salt water soaks every inch, waves suck the sides and the wind snaps the sails. Hanging onto the middle of the boat, Missy sees the ocean as thick and menacing. The water is like sludge or quicksand that once under the surface, there is no getting out. The ocean is a huge blanket, a wall, and everything that goes in is trapped forever under.

“This is great!” says Chelsea, slowing making her way to Missy, who has her arm wrapped around the metal steps.

“I don’t feel so well,” says Missy with fingers gripping the grooved metal.

“I always used to get seasick, too, until I got my sailing legs. Do you want another motion sickness pill? They’re great.”

“Thanks,” says Missy, swallowing the pill dry.

“I take them sometimes for fun,” Chelsea winks, “They make me feel floaty. This one weekend, when I was younger, a huge storm crept up on us and I took two. I think I would have just died without the pills. I was so scared.”

“I’m not scared to sail,” says Missy.

“I didn’t mean that you were. They’re for seasickness anyways.”

Missy does not hear her last statement; the world is wrapped in silence. The sky is gray with slivers of blue bleeding through. The ocean is splinters of slate, carving into the boat and sky. The only sound is Missy’s uneven breath.

By late afternoon, the wind dies and the group munches on cheese and meat on crackers. They sip pop from chilled cans and are gently lulled by the rocking. “If you fall overboard without a life vest, what do you do?” the father asks and breaks the silence.

“You swim back,” offers Missy, high from the pills Chelsea feeds her when no one else is looking.

“You wait,” chimes in Chelsea.

“Ah, you’re both right, my sailing girls,” he exclaims. “If it’s a motor powered boat, you wait. Tread water or float on your back, simple. If it’s a row boat, you can swim back, but slowly. You have to conserve energy and the boat has more power than you do.” Clearing his throat and taking a long swallow from his can of pop, the father says, “Now, what do you do if you start to sink?”

“You die!” Chelsea laughs and throws a fish cracker into her mouth.

The father’s eyes shift to Missy, “What do you think?”

“You take off anything heavy?” says Missy blushing slightly and imagining herself sinking slowly. The opening of the ocean wide, the floor covered in glass teeth. On this floor, there are no sticky red spills.

“Excellent! Yes. Take a deep breath and stop kicking, reach down and take off boots, jeans, jackets or drop bags. Everything is lighter in the water, but many things will pull you down. Modesty or death, that’s your choice.”

“Oh, Dad! You’re so dramatic,” says Chelsea, tilting her head back and laughing lightly like bells. There was affection between them.

“Alright, men, to your spaces. We have one more stop before heading back.”

The boat ambles along and heads to the coast and into a cove. A beach lies empty but wreathed in trees, vegetation and rock. As they enter, the sails are pulled in and the trolling motor is dropped into the water for an easy approach. The water is crystal clear and dark fish dart below. “Come on,” Chelsea says, heading into the cabin and stripping down to her bikini. Missy does the same. She stares consciously at her feet below cloaked in clodhoppers. Chelsea grabs snorkels and kick boards, handing each one to her friend.

“Girls, when you hear the whistle, head back. Remember, I can’t come get you in here, it is too shallow. And watch for feeder sharks.”

“Right, Dad.” Chelsea eases off the stairs and jumps into the lukewarm water and starts kicking off.

Missy gazes at the cove. It is smaller than the ocean, though much larger than any swimming pool she’d ever been in. About the size of football field, it is lined with rocks on the outer edge and a narrow strip of beach on the other. The boat mostly blocks the only way into or out of the cove. Leaning over the edge, Missy looks down into the water and sees the sand and coral below. Shapes waver and change. How deep is it, Missy wonders, could I stand on the bottom? Missy hesitates before jumping in and eyes the father for details. This is definitely not a swimming pool, “I don’t know how to snorkel.” Because Missy feels high, her thoughts float into and out of her mind, as if on their own accord. As the water laps the boat edge and Missy’s feet, she hears her mother’s sobs. The beach far in the distance looks covered with her islanded shoes that were supposed to stay hidden under her bed. Watching her hand holding the kick board, Missy sees the hair on her knuckles glint in the wavering sun. I should shave those, she thinks.

“It’s easy,” he says, “just put your face in the water and kick. Keep an eye on one another and you’ll be fine.” With a little shove, Missy finds herself in the water. Silently blessing the motion sickness pill, Missy gently strokes over to her friend. She holds the kick board and goggles in one hand. This is just a pool, Missy chants to herself, I don’t have time for fear. There is nothing to be afraid of, as she imagines the water pulling her down, pushing her under, and keeping her there. Anxiety is a wet and thick blanket that chokes. On the beach, Missy almost sees her mother holding a dripping glass of red wine.

Kicking fast, she catches up to Chelsea. Chelsea lifts her head out of the water and smiles around the large snorkel mouth piece. “This is fun, yeah!”

Missy giggles nervously, “The ocean or your pills?”

Chelsea hushes her friend with a tiny splash and winks. “You’re on your own now. If they wear off, you probably won’t notice. We can get more tomorrow, though.”

Feeling something brush by her leg, Missy asks, “How do I do this?” Chelsea shows her how to spit into the goggles, how to breathe, and blow water out of the mouth piece.

“The rest is easy. Just kick and watch. Every once in a while, look up and see where you are.”

Missy does this and follows her friend for awhile. Sinking her head underwater and looking through the goggles, Chelsea points to several small bright blue fish swimming near the coral. Missy kicks slowly, going over the coral and watching the life beneath. Constantly, she moves her head to find Chelsea, large silver fish with blue stripes, and clown fish. There are as many fish as they have at a pet shop, but moving with more life and swimming with more velocity. Snorkeling makes her uneasy. She tells herself, look at the fish, look at the fish. Missy wants to be perfect at this, but feels panic. Maybe another pill, she thinks. Touching the bottom here seems very unlikely. The boat is far away. The beach far away. The rocks, like razors. The seaweed, slimy. She sees a large patch of the seaweed moving towards her, coming closer and she swims away as quickly as possible.

Not enough air. Missy raises her head often and scans her surroundings. The snorkel is hard to breathe in and salt water gets into her mouth. Her lungs burn and she can’t get the taste of the ocean out of her mouth. Something passes by her leg, she is sure, back underwater, Missy tells herself to look at the fish. At some point, Missy loses Chelsea and finds herself drifting alone. Lifting her head up, she eyes her situation, her stomach in a knot. The sky is cast with more clouds and the water around her looks gray rather than clear. Across the small cove, the boat bobs slightly. If Chelsea’s parents are on there, Missy cannot see them, but she is close to the beach and could swim there in one breath. She spots Chelsea swimming near the boat. It’s the beach or miles of water, Missy is sure. One long breath and a few kicks. There are exactly four steps on a diving board and exactly two seconds from the board to the water. Fear is the crack of the board. A quick gulp of air.

Taking off her goggles and holding the kickboard, Missy swims towards the beach. For several minutes she stands on the sand, her skin raised in goosebumps in the wind. Biting the inside of her cheek, she wonders if the boat can pick her up from where she is, though she doubts it. As she begins to dry, digging her toes into the sand, her mother’s sobs ring in Missy’s ears. All across the kitchen floor, there had been red stains and glass in various sizes of shatter. While her mother slept, she had carefully swept the glass into a pile and threw it away. Then, on her hands and knees she wiped the sticky spots as best as she could. In the bathroom, it was worse.

Missy relaxes in the warm sun and lies in the sand, shielding her eyes from the sun. Every few minutes, she rolls over to get an even tan. I’ve escaped, Missy thinks. If I just wait here, I won’t have to snorkel anymore. When Chelsea’s father whistles, I will just back stroke to the boat. I don’t have to do this. Behind her, the palms rustle in the breeze as the water barely laps against the sand. The sun periodically winks into and out of the clouds, like it wants to reveal something but can’t, not yet, it’s too soon, Missy thinks.

Finally too hot to lie anymore, Missy walks along the beach ankle deep. She observes shells, but no fish. Wading in a little farther, she ambles along knee deep, and then waist deep. I don’t want to do this, Missy tells herself. She turns and eyeballs seven steps to the beach. Turning again, the boat bobs at the mouth of the cove. Standing still, she stares at the boat. A hundred steps? A thousand breaths? Missy slams her kickboard into the water. How much longer with this distance, Missy wonders, how long till this is over?

Dolphins swim near the boat, their fins and bodies breaking the surface of the calm cove. The parents lean over the boat’s edge, absorbed in the animal’s play. There is no way I can go back now, Missy thinks. I’ll either scare the dolphins off or go back way before the whistle sounds. Letting out a deep breathe, Missy puts her head in the water. Kicking again, Missy glides and aims herself in another direction, towards the other side of the cove. A small trio of stingray shuffle along the sand, leaving tiny puffs in their wake. Watching them, she thinks of a television show she once saw on diving and snorkeling. She remembers the relaxation the divers embodied as they carefully pointed out the underwater life and the way they seemed to let go of the busyness of daily life. Unlike other shows, there was nothing they had to prove to one another. All they had to do was be, to look, and absorb. As Missy swims, watching a school of tiny fish wax and wane below her, something uncoils inside her. There is nothing in her head but what is before her. There is no diving board or swimming pool. There are no boundaries or edges. There is no level to surpass and no one to impress. She feels weightless. Long strands loosen inside her.

A whistle sounds and slices her meditation back to anxiety. Missy looks up and it calls again. The boat seems so far away and her arm muscles ache slightly from holding the kickboard. If she lets go, she could drown and lay at the bottom of the ocean while fish nibble at her eyes. She could die. Taking a deep breath, Missy aims towards the boat paddling. After what feels like twenty minutes, Missy raises her head again but the boat seems hardly closer. The whistle again. Missy floats silently, not kicking her feet or moving her arms, but letting the water hold her. Missy thinks she sees Chelsea climb up onto the boat and then stand along the edge looking out. Maybe they’ll leave me, Missy thinks, and I won’t have to do this. Chelsea and her family are watching me and expecting me to do this until I have it right. The coil tightens again. She descends.

As she sinks, she sees the floor of the bathroom slick with red. Along the tile, in dribbles and dots drying puddles lead to the open maw of the toilet. The scarlet followed the hexagon shape of the tiles, and looked in places like half completed game boards. In the window, delicate yellow curtains fanned softly into the room. An odor wafted in the small space, like dirty clothes or earth. On this floor there was no glass.

Setting aside the broom and dust pan, Missy gingerly tip-toed towards the white basin of the sink and toilet. The sink was streaked with wine and an unbroken wine glass lay discarded against the porcelain. In the toilet, the water was blood red and pink diaphanous clouds of toilet paper filled the bowl. In the center of the cloud was one dark and thick red mass, just larger than a quarter. For the first time, Missy realized that the stains on the bathroom might not be wine.

Missy drops further underwater, looking at the coral beneath her. She kicks slightly, landing on the sand below. Touching the bottom, it is rippled and solid beneath her fingers. Pretending to play tea party, she looks around. Above, the surface of the water is mirror like, below the coral life breezes along and floats. Animals move gently along, none looking at her or caring what she does. This is where she wants to be, Missy realizes. This is what she wants to feel, always.

Needing to breathe, she goes to the surface and then descends again. A small jelly fish swims just by her face, the center of it is pink. As Missy watches it, she knows that she’s seen something like this before. Something small and alive, floating. Bubbles escape from her mouth in protest. Noticing her own body, she sees that she is still wearing her grey sneakers. Missy reaches down and pulls off her shoes and lets them sink to the dark rocks below. Clodhoppers. They are boats out of commission after a battle. Like wreckage, they lay on the sand forgotten. And with them goes the coil. And without them, she rises without effort. In her mind, she sees the blob of pink tissue swirling in the toilet as she flushed it away. She wiped the floor, until every trace of blood was gone. The wine, the glass, and the blood, gone. Swallowed.

Kicking faster now that she is lighter, Missy heads towards the boat. She sees the belly with fish swimming under it, and as she nears the stairs and sees two feet waiting for her, Missy takes one last look. The sand below, the fish just off to the side, the dark blue expanse melting into itself all around her, and blows out bubbles from her mouth. Sinking deeper, Missy accepts the uncertainty and lack of boundaries. The ocean is not like a pool. There are no edges that she can see and there is no drain. The trio of stingrays swims out of the cove just beneath her, she watches them go and rises.

Raising her head above water, Missy calls. “Hey, now what?”

The father appears, “Quite a show down there. Head around back and climb up.”

“Thanks,” Missy says, as Chelsea’s dad helps her up and Chelsea takes the snorkel and kickboard. Climbing back to the net, Missy and Chelsea looks towards the coast as the boat closes in on the harbor. Missy feels exhausted, but energized. The sky shifts from blue to pink, with purple lining the clouds. Shoeless, she leans against the boat and wonders what could grow and die and what could leave a mark not to be discussed. She closes her eyes and sees her mother sleeping as she did yesterday morning. Next to her mother’s cheek on the pillow is the pink and red blob of human tissue Missy rescued from the toilet just in time before it was swept away. Like a tiny heart, it glistens perfectly.

 

 

Laura Madeline Wiseman is an award winning writer teaching in the southwest. Her works have appeared in 13th Moon, The Comstock Review, Fiction International, Poetry Motel, Driftwood, apostrophe, Moondance, Familiar, Spire Magazine, Colere, Clare, Flyway Literature Review, Nebula, and other publications. She is the Literary Editor for IntheFray and a regular contributor to Empowerment4Women.

Progress Toward a Proof

http://www.ninetymeetingsinninetydays.com/images/protractor.jpg

Alone in the math hall, scrunched in a one-armed desk, I prayed that if my dad swept by, he’d think I was taking a make-up test. As the janitor’s son, though, I was never allowed to be absent, so what would I ever need to make up?

Praying to God made me a hypocrite, since I didn’t much believe in Him.  I sure believed in the Father, though.  Nobody doubted my dad’s existence.  The opposite of our Catholic God, whose invisibility irritated me, my father showed up everywhere, enormous despite his small stature.

Still, I didn’t worship at Dad’s altar like many of the faculty and students.  I did not seek his esteem with small offerings of expensive whiskey in gift bags, or bleed gratitude on fancy note paper (“Oh, dear Willie, muchas, muchas graciasfor helping with the skeletons for our Day of the Dead celebration!  I don’t know how I could ever teach Spanish without you! –Muchos, Muchos Abrazos, Senora Johannsen”).

I spent a good deal of my energy that fall trying to avoid my dad’s laughing, bustling omnipresence. I envied other high school juniors with normal fathers, remote paycheck providers who disappeared into the redwood mill for double shifts or worked at sea on salmon trawlers for days at a time. Instead, each day began with my father bursting through my bedroom door first thing in the morning (“Gitup, damn it!  You’re already late!”).  Often, I ended the night with him, too, helping out on his moonlight-janitor jobs.  Smelling like cleaning solvents, riding shotgun in his rusted Ford pickup, I’d fall asleep on the short drive home, only to wake, his elbow jabbing my arm (“Gitup, Frankie!  We’re home, and it’s already past your bedtime–”).

In between those “Gitups!” Dad could be in my company or in sight every other hour of our day.  If I weren’t so desperate for an extra minute of sleep in the morning, I’d have walked the mile to school in blessed solitude.  Instead, I only had time for a swig of coffee and a slice of cold toast.  (I’m not even going to mention how my mom set up the coffee before she hustled to the five-thirty shift in the high school cafeteria.  Who would believe that my mother also worked at the school?)  I’d dash into the cold dark Pacific damp to catch my shotgun seat in Dad’s pickup and stumble into my Commercial Art class just in time to hear Ms. Packer greet me with, “Did your dad mention anything about my big acrylics order arriving yet, Frankie?”

For those of us taking zero period’s before-school electives, it was still dark when class started at 6:55.  As that November progressed, I’d catch my reflection in Packer’s windows, my miserable, sleepy face caught in buzzing fluorescence.  Would I ever wake from this hellish, daily nightmare?  Of course not.  My dad would swing into class, his short trunk hidden behind packages, then await his reward: Packer clapping with happiness over tubes of paint, then squeezing his arm and patting his wavy copper hair.

His pleasing ways at school didn’t quite match his temper at home, where he’d fly into a rage if I jammed a gear while he was teaching me to drive, or raise holy hell with my poor mom if she forgot to stock his favorite brand of cod-liver oil.

With his over-rewarded chore done, Dad wouldn’t hesitate to linger in class.  He teased the prettiest girls until they granted giggles, then praised the plain ones’ art techniques.  He couldn’t leave to do his real job, of course, until he’d stopped by my desk to critique my project, an anti-tobacco ad which–thank God he didn’t know–was already two days overdue.  “Good work, Frankie.  You know, I smoked my whole life until your mom got TB.  Her doc told me how bad it was for her, so I quit–”

“I know, Dad.  Cold turkey.”

“Yep, cold turkey.  So when you were born, my little turkey, you never had to breathe a breath of smoke…”  He squeezed the back of my neck and sauntered off, catching Packer’s blown kiss in his gnarly fist.

The kids beside me chuckled over that ”little turkey.”  I happened to be born on Thanksgiving, and Dad knew the phrase irked me.  He told that tale of Little Turkey’s miraculous holiday birth, along with a million other stories, over and over at family dinners and throughout our broom-pushing evenings together.

I’d long before notched the nuances of Willie Flannagan’s 20th Century epic onto a bronze timeline, beginning in Cincinnati with his parents’ deaths from the Great influenza.  He’d suffered his own bout with the illness, which rendered him comatose until he woke, at seven, parentless, with most of his hearing gone.  After that, he was shipped off to a Catholic orphanage, where he struggled in school because he couldn’t hear the nuns.  They finally kicked him out when he was sixteen, grown too big for the eighth grade class he’d flunked three years straight.  He went looking for work the very week the Stock Market crashed.  But Dad’s hard luck transformed into triumph when he wound up on the North Coast of California and married its most prized native daughter.

Dad had tracked me through much more than every hour of every day at the high school.  He’d already stalked me all through my schooling.  After failed businesses, he found a happy niche in the Redwood Coast Unified Schools, starting as assistant janitor at the primary school.  He gained promotions at exactly the same pace as I proceeded through the schools, so that when I finished third grade, he got a job at the upper primary, then followed me to junior high.  At my junior high graduation he congratulated me for having “already surpassed” him in education, then announced how he’d been promoted to head custodian of the high school.  “You and me, Frankie, we’ll go through all your years together!”

It hadn’t been so bad when I was a little kid.  I even remember working on my penmanship in my third-grade class and looking out the windows to see my dad pushing a handcart down the breezeway, whistling and waving to me.  I practically exploded out of my desk to wave back.  I gloried in his important missions at school and figured the other kids were just as impressed.

But now I was a big kid, cramped in a too-small desk in an empty high school hallway, disgraced,kicked out of Geometry for an entire week.  I tried to ignore the mud tracked into the foyer, just ten yards down the hall, and the inevitability of Custodian Flannagan showing up any minute to  scrub the linoleum.

Still blushing as I served the first minutes of my punishment, I cringed at the thought of anyone seeing me like this, let alone my father.  I’d never felt so idiotic.  I couldn’t even fault my geometry teacher, though he was my mortal enemy. With his fascist tendencies, Mr. Gottschalk could’ve killed me for what I’d just done.

I stared at our ugly yellow text of geometric theorems.  Gottschalk had marked my assigned chapters with a paper clip, the caught pages a bit thick for a single week of
class progress.  All we ever did, it seemed to me, was trudge through one theorem every period, without preface, without follow-up, without a glance at their meaning for the great boundless world. We were like recruits on a forced march in some chalky wilderness, knowing only that we’d slog for yet another forty-seven minutes.  We’d end up no further, no wiser, no closer to victory, never learning the point of the battle nor the cause of the war.

Gottschalk even had the manner of a demoted German officer assigned to hard duty in the
boondocks.  He snarled orders and demanded unstinting obedience.  Despite the rumors that his German-American roots had led him to spy for the Nazis, that he’d lost his left eye as punishment for helping the enemy in the War, I had to admire Gottschalk’s dedication.  He soldiered on every day at the blackboard when I was sure he didn’t know the purpose of our combat with this yellow book any more than we did.

I opened the text to the first theorem under Gottschalk’s clip and began to scribble my progress toward a proof.  The hall remained abandoned until Loreen Lucchesi, bearing a bathroom pass, popped out of Trigonometry.

Spotting me, she smirked.  I just stared dumbly ahead, too embarrassed to recover what little wit I had, and listened to the horrible music of girls and bathrooms; the swing of the metal door, the muffled flush, the too-long silence as Loreen washed her hands and diddled with her sticky hair and practiced her smirking smile just for her return trip back to my disgrace.

“Have you been a bad boy, Frankie?” she asked, a sweet lilt in her hushed tone.  She even dipped a bit, teacherish, to address me in passing.  “Or is even Geometry too much for you?”

“I’m doing advanced work, Loreen,” I announced, amazed I could invent the lie without a second’s hesitation.  “Gottschalk wants to me to fly ahead on my own.”

“Really?  Well, some of us are worried that you might fall to earth, sweetie.”  She stopped, nearer her classroom door.  “You were so smart in tenth grade.  Honors track.  We miss you, Frankie. Imagine, a junior taking a sophomore course.”

“I’m only off-track for math, Loreen, and you know it.  I’m still in Honors in every other class.”

“Oh really?  Since you never speak up in History or English–not on the subject, anyway–I guess we forgot you were still there.”  Her forehead knotted with fake concern, she slipped into class.

I noted her royal “we,” the affectation of her smug Honors clique.  Okay, I’d fallen behind in math since I’d struggled to earn the first C of my life in Algebra.   That’s actually what got me into this fix with Gottschalk, that I was the only junior, and almost the only male, in this particular Geometry section, dominated by brilliant and beautiful sophomore girls.

Even now I see those girl theorem-warriors as a flesh-and-blood tribute to humanity at its best, their powerful cerebral cortexes hidden under silken hair.  With perfect olive or peach complexions, most were the Portuguese- and Italian- and Finnish- American daughters of immigrant families I’d known my whole life.   A few of these sophomores formed the vanguard of the North Coast’s future, daughters of wealthy folks who built seafoam-dashed retreats on the headlands, daughters of artists and gallery owners, daughters of poor but hip Bay Area bohemians who’d followed Thoreauvian dreams to the redwoods–striking, slightly off-center girls named for lakes in the Cascades and Trinity Alps.  Sky would become an exchange student in Uruguay; Chelan gave forthright talks on birth control techniques in speech class;  Crystal represented Afghanistan at the World Affairs conference in Berkeley.   Shimmering among them was Gottschalk’s own demure daughter, Angelique.

At some point that fall these sophomore women had decided to adopt me.  Sent down from the heights of Junior Honors to fight the yellow book alongside them, I might be the janitor’s son, but I also became an object of tender pity, a project, and an older man–a kind of exchange student from the upperclassmen’s nation.

In the town where I’d been schooled in lockstep with most of my fellow students for eleven years, as a junior I felt strangely like a new arrival to myself.  I’d been one of those boys whose development goes backward all through junior high, who grows rounder and softer when the other boys are shooting up and gaining wide shoulders; instead of getting hairy at twelve or thirteen, instead of going from freckles to whiskers, my skin had become soft and downy.  Then, over the previous summer, I’d emerged from that extended, pudgy puberty and soared past six feet, losing all my baby fat.

As if a genetic switch got flipped, one day I was still glancing up to my catch my dad’s eyes, the next I was glancing down at the top his curly head.  Suddenly my older brothers’ hand-me-downs actually fit me, not their kid stuff, but the cool patched jeans and bled-out Madras shirts they’d been wearing to college classes the previous year.  I still couldn’t get used to my face, now thin and long, with a chin that jutted out instead of folding into my neck in triplicate.

The world’s impression of my new face, wonder of wonders, got signaled at a Finnish Hall summer dance when this beauty visiting from Marysville flirted with me all evening.  She’d forced me to clutch her close for the slow dances, then seduced me into walking her to her aunt’s after midnight.  She still sent me perfumed letters in pink envelopes, coaxing me over the Coast Range to visit her in Marysville.

All fall I’d dreamed of driving the whole distance by myself to seek the source of that Sacramento Valley perfume.  I’d sweet-talk my mom to let me take her Chevy Impala when I turned sixteen the day after Thanksgiving.

But by early November Angelique Gottschalk had been distracting my attention from distant Marysville to the desk just inches ahead of mine.  No, I didn’t dip Angelique’s imaginary pigtails into any imaginary inkwell.  I had other, more vivid diversions.

It started simple, back in October.  Shy, she’d smile when she passed back a quiz or worksheet. Angelique was as prim as any teacher’s daughter, but could make a knee-length navy blue skirt seem provocative.  She almost always wore white blouses, her bra straps clearly visible below her shoulder seams.  When she wore short sleeves, all I could do was stare at her smooth, tanned forearms; when she wore her hair up in a French twist, all I could do was stare at the back of her long, creamy neck, with the little birthmark just under her right ear.  While she worked obediently on a problem, she’d wiggle her ankles, and slip her feet in and out of her slip-on sneakers.  I knew this because I’d schlepped my desk a little rightward, out of the row line, to better appreciate Angelique’s
ear and study what her feet were up to.

“Mr. Flannagan?”  Mr. Gottschalk had cocked his good eye in my direction, while his glass one fixed straight on, toward the pencil sharper.  “I trust you’re keeping your eyes on your own paper?”

Even though I blushed hot while Gottschalk’s entire sophomore harem giggled at my reprimand, I’d actually been relieved.  I knew Gottschalk hated me and certainly didn’t think I had any integrity, but at least he hadn’t noticed that I’d been ogling his daughter’s neck, not her schoolwork.  I’d simply nod and slide my desk back into line.

Now, a month later, exiled in the hallway, I tried to make sense of what Gottschalk had assigned.  I stared at my scribbles so far, realizing I didn’t comprehend what I’d just copied from the text.  The single sentence that introduced the problem might as well have been in Old High Church Slavonic.  I flipped back to skim the boldfaced words that always marked new concepts or terms.   None of it rang the faintest chime in my brain.

Panicked, flipping further back, I heard no more chimes in earlier chapters, only muted thuds.  How had I missed so much?  When was the last time, really, that I’d actually worked on Geometry at home?  Was Loreen Lucchesi right, that I’d fallen from Honors-track grace into some dumbbell Purgatory?  Had that sudden growth spurt sucked the vital fluids out of my brain cells?

Suddenly there was more in the span of my gaze than defunct Geometry terms.   At desk’s edge, a glimpse of khaki.  Monkey Ward work pants.  In them–if I dared direct my gaze slightly upward– stood my father.   Unusually still, he even moderated his breath, which, because of his deafness, was usually louder than it needed to be.

I dared to face him, feeling my face redden, and waited for my father’s Irish temper to ignite. Awaiting his scorn, I prepared a strategy.  I would sweat-out the angry barrage, survive some torture like being grounded, then sit in the hallway for the rest of the week in peace.  The worst, I imagined, had already happened.  I had survived shame, degradation, and punishment many times before and bounced back as good as new; after all, I was raised Catholic.

But Dad remained impassive.  He placed his hands on his hips and stared directly into my eyes but said nothing.  From where I sat, squeezed into that little desk, he seemed a giant–a modern Goliath who required a hearing aid, its coil running from his ear to the battery in his front pocket, a Leviathan whose clutch of keys clanged from his belt rung.  I had never known him to be at a loss for words.  For that matter, I’d never known myself to be, either.  But we stared for what seemed like long minutes, wordless, tentative, as if afraid to discuss what was so obvious.

“So, Frankie,” he finally began, stepping back, a little more relaxed, even scratching his bare forearm, “what do you think you’re getting in Geometry?”

I breathed easier.  “I dunno.  Maybe a C, C-?  I can bring it up by the end of the semester.”

“You might be surprised.”

“Yeah?”  I was hopeful.  Maybe Dad believed I’d pull a B.

“Yeah.  I think you’re sitting on a D.  If you’re lucky.  It might have sunk to an F by now.  I talked to Fritz this morning in the staff room.  He’s pretty fed up with you.”

Dad always referred to teachers intimately, with first names or nicknames, as if I were pals with “Fritz,” too, or just genetically understood that “Gertie” meant our withered, kindly Senora Johannsen.

I didn’t know how to talk myself out of this fix.  I had just encountered the depths of my dangerous retardation in Geometry and had no argument against a D.  Or, bless me, Immaculate Mother of God, even an F.  But while I kept waiting for Dad to ask why I was sitting in the hall, he kept avoiding the issue, as if it were a long-established fact that I’d always belonged in solitary confinement.

My jailkeep appeared in at the doorway.  I could feel Gottschalk’s skewed gaze on me as he cracked the door.  I sensed the whole sophomore harem’s suppressed curiosity before Gottschalk slipped out and snapped shut the door behind him.  “Willie,” he said, “I hope everything’s as it should be out here.”

“It’s fine, Fritz.  But look.”  I followed Dad’s gesture to the muddy foyer.  “Helluva mess down there.”

“Kids sure track mud during the rainy season,”  Gottschalk said, severe yet chatty.  “A terrible design flaw, Willie.  They need to pave over all the paths from the playing fields.  Waste of your time.”

“Yeah.  Guess I better get the mop.”

“And I better get back to my students.”  Gottschalk deigned to glance down to me. “Any questions so far, Mr. Flannagan?”

I shook my head.  People who lack any comprehension rarely possess anything so honorable as a question.

Dad disappeared, off to his supply room.  Gottschalk returned to the girlish buzzing audible between the moments he wedged open the door and before he let it slam.

But I was glad that Dad’s unprecedented cool-calm strategy prevented him from interrogating me about the real trouble in Gottschalk’s class that morning.   At the period’s start, Gottschalk had us work in study groups, so Angelique had turned her desk around.  We were face-to-face as Sky, Crystal and Chelan pushed in to join us, so that without initiating any ruckus, I happened to be dead center among four brainy girls.  They’d all aced the homework; they’d confirmed the proof in about five minutes while I listened politely, nodding sagely at their elegant Old High Church Slavonic terminology.

While the other groups finished up, we discussed palm readings, which Chelan had just learned about from a Mendocino psychic.  It turned out that I had an unusually long life line, which curved under my thumb and  continued toward my wrist.  Chelan scratched her head, marveling that I might live “practically forever.“  The girls held my palm and passed it around as if it were a confounding rock sample.   But when Angelique’s turn came, last, she cradled my palm snugly and gently traced my long line with her forefinger.  An electric charge seemed to crackle under her gentle traces.

“Let me see yours,” I said, anxious now to enfold her small, smooth palm in mine.

The other girls exploded in giggles, a giddy blast that seemed too intense for the moment until I realized Gottschalk had quietly appeared beside us, poised above Angelique and me.

“Daddy,” Angelique said, her voice quavering despite her attempt at casual deflection, “you won’t believe how long Frankie’s lifeline is.”  She held up my hand, a specimen again.

“Look.”

“Yet if I trust more rational signs, Miss Gottschalk, I must predict that Mr. Flannagan’s life will be rather brutish and short.”  With a military about-face, Gottschalk took to the front of the room and commanded our attention by drawing a huge circle–or a zero?–on the board.  “As is our rule, one randomly selected person from each group will perform the solution and earn all the points.  Or, alas, receive a zero for his or her entire group.  Since your group finished first, Mr. Flannagan, would you please come forward and begin the proof for us?”

He scooped a piece of chalk from the tray and fired it to me as I shuffled to the board, clutching my yellow text.  The class buzzed with its normal, merry productivity, a mild curiosity arising as the sophomores prepared to compare their steps in the proof with mine.  I could read no inkling, no suspicion in anyone except Gottschalk of the bloody disgrace about to be smeared across that blackboard.

The first part was easy.  I simply copied the text’s introductory sentence, the conceptual statement, on the board, though I comprehended only its prepositions, articles, and the predicate, “given that…”  (It was a given that, other than a few tips on palm readings, I hadn’t absorbed a single fact from our study group’s discussion.)  After a long, lip-biting pause, as the class grew ever more silent behind me, I copied the text’s first diagram by intersecting a triangle through Gottschalk’s existing circle.  The class sunk into an even deeper hush.  I turned to see Gottschalk back himself against the far wall and hunker there, twirling a pencil between his fingers.

I raised the chalk to the circle, improvising.  I drew a little dotted arc between the topmost corner of the triangle, then, encouraged by this design, did the same for the other corners.  Where the circle’s diameter met the angle, I added a straight dotted line which sliced the circle in a pleasing third, like a peach slice.  Behind me, the hush broke into shuffling, whispers, and tapping pens–the unmistakable sound track of mass embarrassment.

“Well,” Mr. Gottschalk finally broke through, “Mr. Flannagan, please be aware we all understand the basic concept and diagram.  Although your artistry in dotted arcs is a
mystery, please proceed with the first stage of the proof, would you?  We await.”  He coughed. “Show us, as they say, yours.”

The rest went swiftly.  I sliced a corresponding peach across the other side of the circle, then stepped back to regard my imbecility.  I had nothing.  I surrendered and passed the chalk to another group designee.  Returning to my seat unable to make eye contact with Sky, Crystal, Chelan, and Angelique, I sat dumbstruck.

After the first student erased my dotted lines, to begin properly, and a relay of sophomore girls flawlessly executed the entire proof, I knew I had robbed my groupmates of all their homework points.  Angelique must have been casting me into the lowest pit of Hell to join Judas and Hitler.

When Gottschalk got class started on the homework, he quietly ordered me from my seat and into the hall.  He explained that I had demonstrated a sucking whirlpool of ignorance of all that he’d taught since the new quarter began.  I had needlessly injured my entire group; I seemed unable to concentrate on either lessons or group study without chatting or “pseudo-scientific distractions.”
The only solution was to separate me from my younger betters and see if I recovered in a week’s work of “independent study.”

I was asked for no justifications and offered no appeals.  Gottschalk left me in the hall after his sotto voce condemnations and returned to class to stage the grand gesture, hoisting my desk out of class, then setting it gently down beside the door.

While I ‘fessed up to my crime internally–even before I fully understood how far behind I was–I knew there was more going on than Gottschalk’s frustration with my math failures.  I could see how tribal, how primal his jealousy was.  He resented how the girls’ attention had shifted from him to me, that his manhood was sinking while I, fresh and strong, had been sent from the heights of Junior Honors.  Taller than Gottschalk now, I was literally rising to challenge his status.  If Freud and Jung had been there to plumb Gottschalk’s psychology, it couldn’t have been more clear.  Gottschalk’s decline, plus the fact that he’d caught me hand in hand with his precious daughter, formed the real motives for my exile.

I squinted at my meaningless jottings, hoping all I needed was to focus my fresh, strong powers. My dad appeared in the foyer with an enormous wheeled bucket and a mop, elaborately ignoring me. In no time, he’d restored the linoleum to its sparkling former glory.

*    *    *    *

The next week, Gottschalk allowed me back into class, but my relief got sabotaged when I realized he    was in deep cahoots with my father.  Instead of singling me out for more  public humiliation, Gottschalk adopted my dad’s silent treatment.  He handed back my latest “F” quiz to Angelique “by mistake,” so that she had to pass it back, her brow raised in wonder, her eyes crinkled in compassion.

At home, when progress reports came out later that week, brows were raised, too, but without compassion.  My parents’ eyes narrowed into simmering rage.

Dad had confiscated my down slips from the principal’s secretary and carried them home at lunchtime.  When I got in after school, each little square pink duplicate dangled from the kitchen ceiling in long tranparent-tape slithers.  Gottschalk had scrawled a “D-” on my the pink slip and, under Comments, added a cute “NO COMMENT.”  I wandered through the sticky, crude display–my own internal system failure–as if I’d been forced to examine unviable intestines in a field hospital.  I got “D” warnings in Chemistry, History, and English, and due to my anti-smoking ad’s lateness, even a “C” in Commercial Art.

One evening after that, I knew my parents–beyond being fed up with my sudden, spectacular decline–had other troubles they wouldn’t discuss with me.  At dinnertime, I went to answer little Jimmy Cortini’s knock as he made his usual neighborhood rounds, snacking at our table before he ate dinner with his own actual family.  But my mom abruptly stage whispered, “don’t answer!” and blocked my way.  She shrank back to the stove to stir the mush she prepared as that night’s dinner, while we waited, pathetic, until Jimmy stopped knocking and went away.

Ah, mush.  It was the middle of the month, and school district paychecks didn’t come out until the 20th, just before Thanksgiving.  When I was younger and the mid-month budget was especially tight, my mom would announce “breakfast for dinner!” and my brothers and I would all cheer, because we loved mush with margarine, warm milk and sugar, especially if the alternative was slimy casserole leftovers Mom brought home from school in big aluminum cans.  But Mom hadn’t resorted to mush or school leftovers for years, and I figured this relapse had to do with some sudden expense at my older brothers’ junior college in Santa Rosa.  Jimmyless, we ate the mush in silence. In hopes of cheering her up, or maybe just to be acknowledged, I told my mom it “hit the spot”, but she didn’t respond.

Later Dad prepared to take off for his moonlighting shift at the county courthouse, so I ran upstairs to get into my scruffy cleaning clothes.  But I practically had to sprint to catch up to him before he aimed his pickup into the street.  It was like he meant to take off without me.

We cleaned different floors, Dad in the courtroom, I in the upstairs offices, without a word between us the whole evening.

The next day, after school, carrying home my anti-smoking ad, I found a full pack of Marlboros by the side of the street, matches tucked into the cellophane.  I ducked into the adjacent patch of redwood forest, found a burnt stump with a comfortable top to perch on, and sampled a few.  Instead of the stereotypical coughing and nausea, I found the heavy, smoldering flavors compelling.

Friday, for the first time, I joined the smokers after lunch in their semi-outlaw spot behind the Continuation School’s trailers.  Some stoner senior girls invited me to a Saturday night party where older guys had set up a teepee on a backcountry lane.  The senior women even picked me up in a rusty Beetle.  I told my parents they were taking me to a school-sponsored dance, a World Affairs fundraiser for Cambodian orphans.

The next Monday, I met Angelique for lunch, who had requested a word with me via note in Gottschalk’s class:  “Meet me in the courtyard on the library steps, okay?  P.S.  Why weren’t you at the Honor Society meeting Friday or the dance on Saturday?”  After staying up late on Saturday drinking beer with two exciting wild-haired seniors in matching buckskin miniskirts, I felt a little embarrassed by Angelique’s white blouse and plaid skirt.  Why’d she dress like a Catholic schoolgirl when she didn’t have to?  She sipped milk with a straw, like a third-grader.  Under the breezeway roof, we sat with our trays on our laps, watching the cold drizzle on the concrete, inches from our feet.  “Your mom’s mac and cheese is so yummy,” she told me.  “This is my favorite lunch.”

“So, did I miss anything at Honor Society?”

“Frankie…would you like for me to help you with Geometry?”

“Angelique!  Wait a minute.  Is the Society kicking me out?”

“I don’t think they can, until semester grades come out.  But why don’t you let me help you?”

I excused myself, telling Angelique I had a headache, which I did, but lied that I was going off to bum some aspirin off my mom.  I carried our trays back to the cafeteria, then slipped through the woods to the Continuation School to find out if nicotine would stanch the pain.  I smoked with a lone stoner guy under the narrow eaves of the Continuation trailer, blowing smoke into the rain.

In History, Loreen Lucchesi led our small group.  Oral history topics were due that day, and Mr. Short wanted us to “test them out” on our peers.  I’d completely forgotten the assignment and strained to dream up a subject while Loreen duly noted our ideas.  When the circle was down to Loreen and me, I ignored her smirk and deferred to her, my mind still racing.

“Don’t think this is too weird, you guys, but I’m actually going to interview Mr. Gottschalk,” Loreen said.  “He’s our neighbor, and I’ve known him since I was little.  He’s seen a lot of history, and I’m good at coaxing him into conversation!”

Everybody chuckled but me.  Loreen went on, about how we all probably knew that Gottschalk had lost one eye in the War, but did anybody really know how?  At eighteen, serving as a medical assistant, he had been helping to evacuate Belgian civilians from a school they’d used as a field hospital.  Gottschalk’s unit had heard reports that the school might be booby trapped, then ambushed by a German battalion, so they were hustling like crazy to get everybody out.  But Gottschalk realized that in their panic, they’d left behind a village kid who was under anesthesia in the basement.

“That’s where Mr. Gottschalk was when the bomb went off,” Loreen said, “and, get this.  Even though a shard of blasted glass took out his eye, he still carried that kid up the stairs and into the school yard.  The boy was thirteen or so, not that much smaller than Mr. Gottschalk was, but he managed to get him out of the collapsing building.  Later–it’s so sad, you guys–he realized the boy had already been killed.  He’d been dead the whole time Mr. Gottschalk was risking his life to save him.  Isn’t that amazing?  He’s this incredible war hero with a million medals and citations and I think, a Purple Heart.  And here he is, teaching his heart out at our little school.

“And none of us know because Mr. Gottschalk will never, ever bring it up on his own.  Angelique says he keeps the medals in his tool drawer in the garage, just tossed there, next to the screwdrivers.  She’s never heard him tell the story to anyone outside the family.  But I’m going to try to get it out of him.”

Chrimony, what was left to tell?  While the group buzzed, awestruck, about Gottschalk’s valor, it shocked the hell out of me that I’d always imagined the wartime Gottschalk as he was now, a rigid, one-eyed, middle-aged scold.  I tried to imagine a teenaged version of my math teacher with two good eyes, only a couple years older than me.  I wondered if his wound had changed his life for good, if he’d always wanted to be a teacher, or if he’d had to settle for putting up with D students because his original dream was as dead as that Belgian kid.

When I heard Loreen calling my name, I felt like I’d sunk underwater for a dangerous, airless interval.  Everyone in the circle was staring at me like concerned spectators on the rim of a pool.

“Uh, yeah,” I said, glancing at Loreen’s paperback, Grapes of Wrath.  “My…mom’s family had a tough time in the Thirties.  They were, you know, immigrants.  So I’ve been thinking of  interviewing my mom about the Depression.”

~

At dinner the Monday before Thanksgiving, scarfing down spaghetti with a side of boiled potatoes, Dad suddenly turned to me.  Out of the blue, maybe because it was payday at last, I was suddenly worthy of his interest.

“So why’d Fritz throw you out, anyhow?”

He didn’t sound mad, which scared the hell out of me.  This was just the tone he used to dig for school trivia (”So where’d Gertie end up hanging that Mexican flag I saved for her?”) punctuated with an elaborate fork-mashing of yet another boiled potato.

“I was just talking, I guess…” I muttered, not even convincing myself.  But he wasn’t being straight, either.  In conspiracy with his buddy Fritz, I was sure he already knew the whole story.

“Talking, eh?”  He fiddled with a toothpick.  He adjusted the big hearing aid battery in his pocket.  “Just talking, huh?  I guess Fritz was having one of his bad days.”

“He seems to have bad days on a regular basis.  Like every day.”

This feeble sarcasm actually produced a giggle from Jimmy Cortini, welcome again at our payday table.  Maria Crnjac, an old Croatian widow who lived in the cottage behind the corner bar, had also joined us that evening.  (My mom was so used to cooking for five hundred that she thought nothing of it when half the neighborhood smelled her spaghetti sauce and wheedled their way to our table with feeble offerings like raw snap peas or a quart of Safeway jug wine in a Ball canning jar.)  Maria leaned toward my mother, mumbling something in Croatian.  My mom mumbled something back, pointing at me.

Maria just nodded, then stared at me with the open sympathy people feel for the mentally impaired.  There was no privacy in my life.  I felt just as exposed and ridiculous at our dinner table as in the hallway next to Gottschalk’s door.

“A whole week in the hall,” my dad said, “that’s a hell of a  punishment for just talking.  Well, I better get going.  Gotta do the county courthouse tonight.”

I rose, too, happy to escape being the evening’s clown act for Jimmy and Maria.  “Wait a sec, Dad.  Let me change into my scruffies.”

“You planning on coming?  You sure, Frankie?  Don’t you have homework tonight?”

“But don’t you need me?”

“I can get it done by myself.  I’d do the courtroom first to make sure it’s ready for tomorrow’s docket.  Meanwhile, don’t you have a project in History?”

I stared at him.  Since when did he take such a close interest in my History homework?  And what project was he talking about?  I didn’t dare admit that I didn’t remember.  “Yeah.  I guess.  You know Short.  He’s always got a project for us.”

“Yeah, well Sheldon told me about it this afternoon.  Sounds kinda interesting.  Oral history.  You told him you were going to interview your mom.”

“You are?” my mom piped up.  “About what, for Pete’s sake?”  Oh, yeah.  And sweet blessed Virgin, our reports were due tomorrow.  “About the Depression, Mom.”

Luckily Maria was already tugging at Mom’s sleeve for a translation of the goings-on, so I turned to Dad:  “How about if I stop by to help you after I finish interviewing Mom?”

“Thanks, Frankie.”  He cocked his head, tinkering with his ear-piece.  “But you’ll probably want to be catching up on your Geometry, too, won’t ya?”  With that, kissed my mom, praised her pasta, and waved goodbye.

Damn him, I thought, now he’s got me begging to help him clean the toilets in the county building.  I
had half a notion that he and Gottschalk, with their pensiveness and long silences, were deep into
some reverse-psychology scheme they thought I was naive enough to fall for.  Maybe they believed they might re-enact Gottschalk’s war heroism, only mine was the body they were hauling up from that basement.  Well, the hell with them!  I still had a brain, and I’d prove I wasn’t any damn Belgian cadaver.

“That was weird,” I told my mother after the prospect of helping with the dishes had chased Maria and Jimmy home.  She washed, I dried while I wondered, “Dad’s been acting so quiet.  And since when doesn’t he want me to help him with the county building?”

“Frankie, you’re supposed to be so smart.  Think about it.”

She gave me the chance as she hummed along with the oldie station’s Frank Sinatra hit, “I Did It My Way.”  Then, fighting with a sauce pot, she said,  “He’s worried sick that it’s his fault, your bad grades.  That he made you work too many evenings.”

“He never ‘made’ me, though, Ma.  And even when I subbed for him while you guys were in Santa Rosa, I still kept my grades up.”

“So, what’s the story now?  How come?  All the sudden, like this?  You used to have the best penmanship–”

“I was in third grade!”

“Well, now it looks like chicken scratch.  That’s a sign, they say.”

“Of what?  Sudden retardation syndrome?”

Mom sighed.  “Drugs.”

“Oh God!  Where would I get drugs?”

“Who were those older girls in that little Beetle?  Why did you lie to us about the World Affairs dance?”

I considered another lie while I stacked dishes in the cupboard, rattled by all the noise I was making in my mother’s deepening silence.  I feared that my mother’s mood would transmute from its amiable American Sinatra-humming norm into its Croatian evil twin, that old-country crone who scowled and sputtered about ancient blood feuds and eternal curses.  I told her I was sorry.

She didn’t acknowledge my apology.  “So, what’s this interview with me?  Am I part of history now?”

“No…well, yeah, but you know, recent history.  I always wanted to know about that legend.  You know, that you went over to Hopland when you were thirteen to pick hops and make your fortune.”

“Yeah, and when I came home, my poor father had to buy me shoes.  What’s so historic about that?”

“Well, it was the Great Depression, Mom.  And you were a migrant worker, just like the Grapes of Wrath.”

“I wasn’t a migrant worker!  It was an adventure with my big sister.”

“You were in a tent, picking hops for slave wages.  Isn’t that migrant labor?”

“Frankie, it wasn’t the Grapes of Wrath, for Pete’s sake.  I told you, I was a silly kid.  I was earning my fortune!”

“If it was that simple, why didn’t you ever return to school?  Why were you an eighth-grade dropout?

“Oh, first I’m an Okie, now I’m a dropout?”

“Well, what would you call it?”

“I just never started high school. When I got home, it was already the middle of September.  I was too embarrassed to enroll. I knew I’d be behind in all my subjects.”

“And that’s not dropping-out?”

“No, no, no!  It was different then, Frankie.  I had to help out at home.  Then, you know, in a few years, I met your father.”

“Yeah.  Then you became a teenage bride.”

“I beg your pardon!  I was almost eighteen.”

“And that’s not being a teenage bride?”

“You got enough for your report now?”  She dumped the soapy dishpan into the sink.  “Are we done?”

“You’re not an easy interview, Mom.”  I wiped down the dish drain.  “I don’t have a lot of material, here.”

“I’m sorry that my life is so boring, Frankie.”

“It’s not boring, Mom!  For God’s sake, your parents were immigrants, you lived through all these hard times, your brothers fought in the biggest battles in the Pacific during the War, half your family died from TB. You survived TB after years of treatments. You’re like a walking history of the twentieth century so far.  But you won’t tell me anything!”

“Well, you ask me silly questions, then call me names.  Dropout.  Teen bride.”

“Okay, okay.  It’s my fault.  But wouldn’t you be interested in asking me a few questions if I decided to quit school?  I’ll be sixteen in a few days. What if I do quit, then get married?  What would you ask me?”

“This isn’t funny, Frankie.”  She wiped her hands and headed into the den, where she picked dead needles off her prize Norfolk pine.  “It’s cruel even to joke about that,” she called.  “Does this have anything to do with that Marysville girl who sends you those stinky pink letters?”

“No, Ma, no.”  I followed her into the den.  “Look, I’m not gonna drop out.  I’m sorry.”

“If you want to prove you’re so sorry, you better get started on your schoolwork.”

That was that.  Upstairs, I had to pass through the little shrine my mother kept in the hallway that angled into my room.  The third-grade penmanship award.  Gold ribbons from my sixth grade “College Bowl” championship season.

I had once absorbed facts and trivia like a human knowledge filter, the weird kind of kid who knew the chief products of Ceylon and Willie Mays’ career batting average, the importance of Dred Scott, the 1965 estimated population of greater Atlanta.  On that wall, Mom had arrayed four framed Honor Roll certificates, grades seven through ten.

In my tiny room, I sat at the huge fold-down desk my dad had made for me.  I dropped my forehead on the calendar pad and sunk into a funk.  Even my stupid oral history interview had been a complete waste of time, not only because of my mother’s stubbornness, but because I knew I had
been taunting and disrespectful.

I thought about the night my mom had come home from tenth-grade open house, one of those parent nights where she’d been given a copy of my schedule and walked through my class periods at ten minute intervals, from teacher to teacher.  Giddy afterwards, she’d sat down in the kitchen, sipping Safeway burgundy out of a jelly glass, still dressed to the nines like Jackie Onassis home from High Mass.  Fragrant, her dark hair swept up, in her best gold earrings, she told me how scared she’d been to “go back to school,” not as a staff member, but a mother of an Honors student.  “Maybe I know the kitchen, but I always get lost in all those hallways.”  But wandering from class to class, as each of my teachers praised me, she began to relax and soak it up.  She kept telling me how proud of me she was, but I’d been more proud of her.  I’d hoped that teachers and parents who only saw her in her white uniform and hair net now realized how self-possessed and beautiful she really was, how hard she’d had to work to help keep our cash-starved family fed and happy.

I pulled my head up, staring at my window reflection against the high-lit, churning lumber mill, and the dark blurry horizon of the ocean and sky beyond it.  I realized I could write my project from memory, out of the vast, one-sided oral history that had been underway for the past fifteen years–the one about my dad’s heroic past and the woman he loved.  It wouldn’t be as dramatic as Gottschalk’s rescue of the Belgian boy, but my deaf Dad wasn’t allowed to serve in the War.

So I started to write my father’s World War II homefront narrative, more than a decade before I was born, when my teenaged mom was confined in a TB sanatorium down in Santa Rosa and my out-of-county dad had to pay full price for her room and treatments.  Coastal blackouts were imposed to foil Japanese submarines from bombing our harbors at night, so, to see his wife, to encourage her, my dad drove hours on twisting coast roads with just flashlights or moonlight to guide him.  His first business, a service station, failed because of gas rationing as the War wore on, so he worked three or four jobs and lived with his in-laws to support my mom’s recovery.  “I’m going to turn every ounce of my energy,” he’d written in a letter I’d once retrieved from a shoebox of old receipts, “into money for your treatments, my darling.  I’ll prove how much I love you. Someday I’m going to buy you every little thing you might ever need.  Then we’re going to start a beautiful family and by God they’re all going to be college graduates.”

Her response, tucked into the same envelope, after “Dearest Willie, you don’t need to prove anything.  I already know,” was followed by two sides of notebook paper with neat “X’s” and “O’s” repeated and repeated in geometric precision until she ran out of space.

Finished with my first draft, I pulled out the yellow book and started skimming forward from Chapter 1.  Tomorrow in study hall, I decided I’d ask Angelique for help.  Other men might bring her roses, but I would offer an aluminum canful of my mom’s macaroni and cheese and throw myself at her mercy.

I glanced across the few downtown blocks toward the county courthouse and watched the lights go in upstairs offices.  I thought of my dad’s route there, how he’d already finished the courtroom and would start with the Selective Service office and continue all the way down to the Records Room, emptying ashtrays, emptying trash, mopping the checkered linoleum.  Without my help, he’d keep scrambling until eleven or midnight.

I’d still be fighting with the yellow text when he got home. He’d scold me like he always used to when I was up too late with my books, and remind me–like I didn’t know–that I had school in the morning. But just so I wouldn’t be a complete fool in the face of Angelique’s tutoring, I kept on, determined to learn and re-learn every unfamiliar term, every principle, every method of proof.

 

Lee Patton, a native of California’s Mendocino Coast, lives in Denver. He received the Borderlands Playwrights Prize in 1993 (THE HOUSE GUEST) and the 1996 Ashland New Playwrights (ORWELL IN ORLANDO); “Not Headhunters” was featured in the 2004 Last Frontier Theatre Conference.  His work has appeared in The Threepenny Review, The Massachusetts Review, The California Quarterly, Hawaii-Pacific Review, The Neo-Victorian, and, most recently, VS.  This story was composed during a residency at the Anderson Center in Red Wing, Minnesota.

“Red Sea” by Joel Deutsch

 

It felt like instant karma. Payback for almost running over an unsuspecting kid
a few years ago because I hadn’t been smart or brave enough to quit driving
when I should have.

On a bright, warm September Los Angeles afternoon, I was strolling down
Fairfax Avenue past CBS Television City and Farmers Market, headed for the
neighborhood Lucky, my purposeful stride belying the fact that my eyesight
was more than three-fourths obliterated by Retinitis Pigmentosa. But so it
was.

Despite ongoing research into gene therapy, stem cells and retinal
transplantation, among other potential remedies, there as yet exists no
treatment or cure for this predominantly inherited condition that afflicts
something like 100,000 Americans. And so my irreplaceable photoreceptor
cells, which in most people last a lifetime, keep wiping themselves out by a
process of bio-suicide called apoptosis, with nothing to be done about it.
The world looks like a hazy, unfinished painting. After a few nasty mishaps
when the deterioration first became severe, I learned to scan ahead radar-like
as I walked to catch at least a glimpse of approaching hazards. I owned a long,
white cane, but I didn’t have it with me.

Isn’t a cane, I thought, for when life feels constantly like coming awake in a
strange house in the middle of the night? Doesn’t “blind,” after all, simply and
unequivocally, mean sightless?

I’d considered carrying a cane if only as a signal, to forestall incidents like the
time I stumbled into the side mirror of a bus while hurrying clumsily to board,
and the driver, climbing out of his seat to readjust it, inquired sarcastically if I
was blind or something. To simplify the process of asking strangers for help,
as from time to time I must.

But I wasn’t about to do it. No way. For one thing, I had this spooky
foreboding that to take up the cane would be a dangerous capitulation, would
bring on total blindness even faster. Magical thinking, I knew. Primitive. A
child’s metaphysics of causality. But I couldn’t help it. Besides, I’d be marking
myself disabled, for all to see, destroying whatever vestige of masculine appeal
I’d managed to preserve into middle age. I’d become just another blind guy,
groping his expressionless way along on some pathetic errand of the terminal,
aging bachelor. So the cane, as always, was hanging by its elastic handle loop
from a hook inside my living room closet, gathering dust.

Now I was passing beneath the protruding eaves of one of the Farmers Market
buildings, grateful to be shielded from the sun’s dazzle by more than just the
brim of my baseball cap. A few feet away, the midday traffic rushed by in a din
of car engines, horn blasts, diesel rattle, and the concussive thump of
mega-watt, bi-amplified hip-hop bass.

Suddenly, something charged past me, tugging at my T-shirt sleeve. Through
my remaining islands of vision, like a bird darting across a slit in a castle turret,
flashed the profile of a small face, a boyish body hunched forward over
handlebars, a flurry of legs churning.

“Damn,” I yelped, edging over more toward my side. I probably looked, I knew,
as if I might be playing a crazy, private game of chicken, had meant to
surrender those few extra inches of clearance at the last second, but had
simply miscalculated. When the truth, of course, was that I had no warning at
all. Anything moving faster than walking speed can slip from blind spot to blind
spot, completely undetected. Skateboards betray themselves by their clatter,
but Not so bicycles, with their rubber-tired stealth. I took a deep breath and
resolved silently to be yet more vigilant, in the future.

And then something slammed into my shoulder, the same shoulder, Another
flashing image of a small boy, pedaling. But this time, I was flung from my
feet. I felt my skull collide against asphalt. I had a dim but troubling realization
that my body was laid out full length across the northbound curb lane of
Fairfax and that I could, in a heartbeat, be crushed and dismembered. Fueled
by a burst of adrenaline, I made a mad scramble back to safety.

At the point where I had left the sidewalk stood a short, elderly woman. trailing
a two-wheeled wire shopping basket behind her. Crazy,” she clucked
empathetically, “crazy. They almost killed me, too.” She spoke with the
old-time Yiddish accent that is rapidly giving way to Russian as the Fairfax
District and neighboring West Hollywood become the Southern California
version of Brooklyn’s Little Odessa.

“I’m fine,” I assured her, and as she continued on her way, I brushed myself
off, gingerly checking for damage. My head was bruised and bleeding, my
shoulder ached, the forearm I tried to break my fall with was a mass of
lacerations, and my cap was missing, probably pulverized into blue cotton
oblivion. Dazed, but nonetheless still in need of groceries, I proceeded with my
shopping and trudged home to a stinging shower and some bed rest.
The next time I left my apartment, there was a nylon day pack slung jauntily
from one shoulder, the kind students carry their books in. The kind in which
the kid I knocked down that time with my Tercel was carrying his. And in my
right hand, I held the long white cane. Not tapping it in an exploratory arc.
Not yet. But bearing it before me like a protective talisman, a Mosaic staff. And
feeling relief mixed with horror at the sight of people making way for the blind
man I was still in the process of becoming.

 

 

Joel Deutsch is the editor of our poetry pages. He is a Los Angeles writer whose articles on his progressive vision loss have appeared in the Los Angeles Times. He has been writing and publishing his poetry for the past forty years and is a contributor to the poetry pages in our Fall 2004 issue. We here at r.kv.r.y. are highly grateful for the time and care he has donated to assuring the high quality of the poetry published here.

 

“Mediating Evil” by Kenneth Cloke

 

“If we listen attentively, we shall hear amid the uproar of empires and nations, the faint fluttering of wings, the gentle stirring of life and hope. Some say this hope lies in a nation, others in a man. I believe, rather, that it is awakened, revived, nourished by millions of solitary individuals whose deeds and words every day negate frontiers and the crudest implications of history.” ~Albert Camus

Politics are among the most ancient, enduring, and consequential sources of conflict, as they determine how power will be distributed among people, including over life and death, wealth and poverty, independence and obedience. Conflicts concerning these issues have
shaped the ways we have interacted as a species over the course of centuries. At their core, as Hannah Arendt wrote, is the conflict that, “from the beginning of our history has determined the very existence of politics: the cause of freedom versus tyranny.”

Freedom and tyranny are factors not only in conflicts between minorities and nation states, but in small, everyday conflicts between parents and teenagers, managers and employees, governments and citizens, and wherever power is distributed unequally. If we define political conflicts as those arising out of or challenging an uneven distribution of power, including relational, religious, and cultural power, it is clear that politics happens everywhere.

In this sense, “the personal is political,” yet the political is also personal, due to globalization, the reach and speed of communication, reduced travel barriers, and increasing environmental interdependency. We can even identify an ecology of conflict, in which rapidly evolving international conflicts have the ability to overwhelm safety and security everywhere. Conflicts in Afghanistan, Sudan, Brazil, and East Timor can no longer be ignored, as they touch our lives in increasingly significant ways.

We therefore require improved understanding, not only of the
conflict in politics, but the politics in conflict. As our world shrinks and
our problems can no longer be solved except internationally, we need
ways of revealing, even in seemingly ordinary, interpersonal conflicts,
the larger issues that connect us across boundaries, and methods for
resolving political conflicts that are sweeping, strategic, interest-based,
and transformational. A clear, unambiguous reason for doing so
occurred on September 11, 2001.

The Response to September 11

As a nation, we need to re-examine how we responded to the conflicts that occurred, and are still occurring, as a result of that tragedy. In the aftermath, we began searching, as individuals, nations, and human beings, for some ritual of release, completion, and
closure; some acknowledgement of the horror, grief, fear, and confusion we experienced. This search led many, unfortunately in my opinion, to seek release for their grief and anger through blind patriotism, constriction of civil liberties, and “preventative” unilateral war, directed not against those responsible for the tragedy, but a nation and people who had nothing to do with it.

This response has led to increased suffering, including grief, fear, divisiveness, and confusion — not only for us, but those whose lives we have similarly shattered by violence. While it is clear to me as a mediator that dozens of alternatives to war in Iraq were readily
available, these were largely ignored. This failure to pursue peaceful alternatives contributed to the rise of aggressive, adversarial attitudes toward those who opposed the war, a refusal to listen or cooperate with other nations, a reduction in our personal freedoms, and a division in national and international consensus, sapping our spirits,
closing our hearts, and dissipating the unity and desire for peace that spontaneously arose after September 11.

By responding to violence with violence, we not only lost a unique opportunity to unite people and governments around the world in opposition to terror, we helped strengthen a culture of war rather than peace, bullying rather than compassion, revenge rather than
forgiveness, and isolation rather than collaboration. By our aggressive statements and unilateral actions, we have deprecated the importance and prestige of peace-making, conflict resolution, international partnership, and public dialogue, thereby contributing to future conflicts, making them more serious, and constricting opportunities for
settlement and resolution.

To have acted differently would have required us to recognize and respond with compassion — not only to the pain we experienced in the U.S., or in Israel, but no less equally to the pain Iraqis and Palestinians have experienced for decades. This would have required us to see ourselves as partners in a world community of nations and peoples, to cease using our superior military and economic power to coerce compliance, and to seek dialogue, negotiation, and mediation before reacting with violence, even against those we have defined as evil. Sometimes, as poet May Sarton wrote, “[o]ne must think like a hero to behave like a merely decent human being.”

September 11 challenges us to take the lead in developing dispute resolution skills and applying them pro-actively, preemptively, and strategically to the full range of international disputes – not to augment our power, wealth, or status, but to create the conditions
under which conflicts can be resolved without war or terror. September 11 challenges us to understand that we cannot separate peace from justice, but must link interest-based conflict resolution skills with an unwavering commitment to political, economic, and social
justice, without which it will prove impossible to build a global community that can resolve its differences without terrorism and war.

Good and Evil in Conflict

Journalist H. L. Mencken wrote, decades before September 11, that “The whole aim of practical politics is to keep the populace in a continual state of alarm (and hence clamorous to be led to safety) by menacing them with an endless series of hobgoblins, all of them imaginary.” While his description remains valid, our hobgoblins are no longer imaginary.

There are seemingly unending conflicts between Palestinians and Israelis, Indians and Pakistani’s, Irish Catholics and Protestants, Turks and Kurds, Hutu’s and Tutsi’s. In addition to these, there are countless conflicts around the globe between rich and poor, despots and democrats, leftists and rightists, labor and management, natives and settlers, ethnic majorities and minorities, environmentalists and developers, each accusing the other of evil.

The deepest and most serious of these conflicts are no longer confined to the boundaries of nation states, but affect everyone everywhere. Even outwardly minor disputes between competing communities can rapidly escalate into world crises, triggering the slaughter of innocents, rape, ethnic cleansing, economic collapse, the ruin of ecosystems, and hatreds that cannot be dissipated, even in generations. Each of these acts directly affects the quality of our lives, no matter how far away we feel from the actual fighting.

Following these disasters come those who pick up the pieces and start over again. While it is always helpful to offer aid in food, clothing and shelter, the victims of these catastrophes also need to develop skills in resolution, recovery, reconciliation, and regeneration of community. Recovery requires acknowledgement of grief and amelioration of loss. Resolution requires the dismantling of systemic sources of conflict within groups and cultures that actively promoted violence. Reconciliation requires the ability to engage in public dialogue, and speak from the heart. Regeneration of community requires the creation of a new culture based on collaboration, compassion, and respect for differences. Together, these require an understanding of how assumptions of evil, even in petty, interpersonal disputes, lead to war and terrorism.

In political conflicts, it is common for each side to label the other evil. Yet what is evil to one is often good to another, revealing that evil is present in miniature in every conflict. Evil sometimes originates in the attribution of blame to someone other than ourselves for harm
that has befallen us, or the assumption that our pain was caused by our opponent’s pernicious intentions. Blaming others for our suffering allows us to externalize our fears, vent our outrage, and punish our enemies, or coerce them into doing what we want against their wishes. It allows us to take what belongs to them, place our interests over, against, and above theirs, and ignore their allegations of our wrongdoing.

Evil is not initially a grand thing, but begins innocuously with a constriction of empathy and compassion, leading ultimately to an inability to find the other within the self. It proceeds by replacing empathy with antipathy, love with hate, trust with suspicion, and confidence with fear. Finally, it exalts these negative attitudes as virtues, allows them to emerge from hiding, punishes those who oppose them, and causes others to respond in ways that justify their use.

A potential for evil is thus created every time we draw a line that separates self from other within ourselves. This line expands when fear and hatred are directed against others and we remain silent or do nothing to prevent it; when dissenters are described as traitorous or
evil and we allow them to be silenced, isolated, discriminated against, or punished; when negative values are exalted and collaboration, dialogue, and conflict resolution are abandoned and we do not object.

At a more subtle level, identifying others as evil is simply a justification and catalyst for our own pernicious actions. By defining “them” as bad, we implicitly define ourselves as good and give ourselves permission to act against them in ways that would appear evil to outside observers who were not aware of their prior evil acts. In this way, their evil mirrors our diminished capacity for empathy and compassion, and telegraphs our plans for their eventual punishment. The worse we plan to do to them, the worse we need them to appear, so as to avoid the impression that we are the aggressor. The ultimate purpose of every accusation of evil is thus to create the self-permission, win the approval of outsiders, and establish the moral logic required to justify committing evil oneself.

Allegations of evil are therefore directly connected with the unequal distribution and adversarial exercise of power. The German philosopher Nietzsche wrote that perceptions of good and evil originated historically in social relationships of domination and dependency between unequal economic classes:

[T]he judgment good does not originate with those to whom the good has been done. Rather, it was the “good” themselves, that is to say the noble, mighty, highly placed, and high-minded who decreed themselves and their actions to be good, i.e., belonging to the highest rank, in contradistinction to all that was base, low-minded and plebian…. [Thus, the] origin of the opposites good and bad is to be found in the pathos of nobility and distance, representing the dominant temper of a higher, ruling class in relation to a lower, dependent one.

In contemporary terms, if we, as individuals or nations, believe ourselves to be good and possess more power than others, we will naturally seek to justify our use of unequal power by indicating our intention to use it for the benefit of those with fewer resources who are less good. But without empathy, compassion, and power-sharing, this will inevitably evolve into a belief that whatever benefits us must benefit them also. This will lead us to regard their criticism of our self-interested benevolence as ill-mannered and ungrateful, and their
opposition to our power as support for evil. We will then interpret their desire for  self-determination as rebellion and perhaps, as in Vietnam, seek to “kill them for their own good.”

In order to exercise our power without experiencing injury or guilt, we are increasingly driven to dismantle our empathy and compassion until we are no longer able to recognize our opponents as similar to ourselves. We can then feel justified in wielding power selfishly and attacking them, or anyone who tries to curb our power or equalize its distribution. It is at this point that simple, natural, innocent, self-interest begins its descent into evil. At every step, it is aided by anger, fear, jealousy, pain, guilt, grief, and shame, and the suppression of empathy and compassion.

Yet all these dynamics occur on a small scale in countless petty personal conflicts every day, and are used to justify our mistreatment of others, including children, parents, spouses, siblings, neighbors, employees, even strangers on the street. Every dominant individual, organization, class, culture, and nation manufactures stories and allegations of evil to justify withholding compassion, using power selfishly, and violating their own ethical or moral principles in response to perceived enemies. Worse, these small scale justifications can be organized and manipulated on a national scale to secure permission for war and genocide, just as war and genocide give permission to individuals to act aggressively and resist reconciliation in their personal conflicts.

For these reasons, we need to carefully consider how, as individuals and nations, we define our enemies, disarm our empathy and compassion, organize our hatreds, and rationalize our destructive acts through conflict. For example, we frequently combine the
following elements to create circular definitions of “the enemy”:

Assumption of Injurious Intentions (they intended to cause the harm we experienced)
Distrust (every idea or statement made by them is wrong or proposed for dishonest reasons) Externalization of Guilt (everything bad or wrong is their fault Attribution of Evil (they want to destroy us and what we value most, and must therefore be destroyed)
Zero-Sum Expectation (everything that benefits them harms us, and vice versa)
Paranoia and Preoccupation with Disloyalty (any criticism of us or praise of them is disloyal and treasonous) Prejudgment (everyone in the enemy group is an enemy)
Suppression of Empathy (we have nothing in common and considering them human is dangerous) Isolation and Impasse (blanket rejection of dialogue, negotiation, cooperation, and conflict resolution) Self-Fulfilling Prophecy (their evil makes it permissible for us to be
an enemy to them)

[Based partly on work by Kurt R. and Kati Spillman]

The Language of Conflict

In every country, there are not only national languages and local dialects, but thousands of micro-languages, ranging from professional terminology to ethnic phraseology, popular slang, bureaucratic technicality, family vernacular, and generational jargon. There are, for
example, distinct languages for organizational management, political candidacy, ethnic minorities, social classes, economic cycles, and criminal pursuits. Each of these languages serves a unique purpose and produces unique results in the attitudes and behaviors of those who use them.

There is also a distinct language of conflict. There is the conscious use of exaggerated statements to disguise requests for reassurance, as in stock phrases such as “you always,” and “you never.” These words are not intended as statements of fact, but mean “You do too much or too little of X for me” and “I would appreciate it if you would do X less or more.” Yet the mere use of these phrases indicates the presence of deeper emotional problems, impelling us to:

  • Camouflage our requests as statements of fact
  • Exaggerate the truth
  • Stereotype others as unreasonable
  • Not take responsibility for communicating our needs
  • Fail to accurately describe what we really want from others
  • Miss opportunities to become vulnerable and invite others into more intimate conversation
  • Ignore others needs, explanations, or reasons for acting in their
    self-interest
  • Miss openings to collaboratively negotiate for satisfaction of
    mutual needs

When we are uncomfortable with intense emotions, or want to camouflage a hidden agenda, it becomes difficult to describe our feelings accurately. When asked how we feel, we use words implying that we are being coerced by others, instead of words accepting responsibility for how we feel about what others have done. Our words contain judgments – not merely about what others did, but of who they are. We say, for example, “He is infuriating,” or “He made me mad,” instead of “I am angry.” Or, “She is a blabbermouth,”
instead of “I feel betrayed.” Or “He is out to get me,” instead of “I am afraid he is going to fire me.”

By translating or reframing these statements, we convert a language of powerlessness into a language of empowerment, just as do by turning “you” statements into “I” statements, being precise about what we are feeling, transforming conflict stories, and
recognizing that beneath accusations lie confessions and requests, either of which serves our interests better. These are all valuable interventions, but they do not address the underlying problem. A more careful examination of the language used in political conflicts
reveals a deep set of issues.

Psychologist Renana Brooks describes the ways language is used to reinforce abuse and domination in power relationships. She cites, for example, broad statements that are so abstract and meaningless they cannot be opposed; excessive personalization of issues so they can only be addressed individually; negative frameworks that reinforce pessimistic /images of the world; and inculcation of a “learned helplessness” that assumes change is impossible. Mexican novelist Octavio Paz describes how this deterioration of language reflects a broader social and political decay:

When a society decays, it is language that is first to become gangrenous… and alongside oratory, with its plastic flowers, there is the barbarous syntax in many of our newspapers, the foolishness of language on loudspeakers and the radio, the loathsome vulgarities of advertising — all that asphyxiating rhetoric.

Language in organizations can also become an instrument of domination and control, reinforcing assumptions of hierarchy, bureaucracy and autocracy. Even seemingly innocuous corporate expressions such as “upper management,” “direct reports,” “bottom
line,” “alignment,” “getting people on board,” “raising the bar,” “lean and mean,” “accountability,” “pushing the envelope,” and similar expressions reveal myths and assumptions that distortcommunications. In similar ways, the language of law is replete
with terminology conveying arrogance, incomprehension, and hostility directed toward emotionality, vulnerability, artistic thinking, human error, collective responsibility, compassion, frivolity, redemption, play, and forgiveness.

Language and Fascism

Perhaps the best example of the deterioration of language and its use to reinforce
power, arrogance, and domination in political conflicts is the rise of fascism in
Germany. As Victor Klemperer brilliantly revealed in The Language of the Third
Reich, the Nazis deliberately manipulated language in order to change the way people
thought about politics and daily life. By using repetitive stereotyping, emotional
superlatives, and romantic adjectives; hijacking or poisoning formerly positive terms
such as “collective,” “followers,” and “faith;” transforming formerly negative words
into positives, such as “domination,” “fanatical,” and “obedient;” militarizing and
brutalizing common speech; discounting reason and elevating feelings; using “big
lies” and doublespeak; and generally debasing and “dumbing down” ordinary
language, the Nazis fundamentally altered the way people thought and behaved.

This led Italian novelist and semiologist Umberto Eco to brilliantly define fascism as
“the simplification of language to the point that complex thought becomes
impossible.” This simplification is revealed not only in the crude sloganeering and
stereotyping of fascist rhetoric, but in the minor ways ordinary speech is transformed
into sermons, prepared scripts, and propaganda, as can be seen, for example, in
media coverage following the deaths of political leaders.

In Behemoth: The Structure and Practice of National Socialism, Franz Neumann
analyzed the Nazi’s transformation of ordinary speech into fascist propaganda. He
began by profoundly defining propaganda as “violence committed against the soul,”
writing:

Propaganda is not a substitute for violence, but one of its aspects. The two
have identical purposes of making men amenable to control from above. Terror
and its display in propaganda go hand in hand…. The superiority of National
Socialist [Nazi] propaganda lies in the complete transformation of culture into a
saleable commodity.

In Neumann’s view, democratic arguments could never compete with Nazi
propaganda, not only because the latter was simpler and appealed to more primitive
instincts, but because the Nazi’s were willing to use any contrivance, including
deliberate lies, in order to succeed. As Adolph Hitler made clear in Mein Kampf:

Propaganda must not serve the truth…. All propaganda must be so popular and
on such an intellectual level, that even the most stupid of those toward whom it
is directed will understand it. Therefore, the intellectual level of the propaganda
must be lower the larger the number of people who are to be influenced by
it…. The size of the lie is a definite factor in causing it to be believed, for the
vast masses of a nation are in the depths of their hearts more easily deceived
than they are consciously and intentionally bad.

It is precisely this transformation of confession into accusation, analysis into
propaganda, and fact into lie and doublespeak; this use of language as a mere means
that does not count, and can therefore be distorted with impunity; this huckstering
salesman’s approach to truth, that allows it to hide and justify all manner of political
and personal crimes. As George Orwell wrote, in “Politics and the English Language,”

In our time, political speech and writing are largely the defense of the
indefensible. Things like the continuance of British rule in India, the Russian
purges and deportations, the dropping of the atom bombs on Japan, can indeed
be defended, but only by arguments which are too brutal for most people to
face, and which do not square with the professed aims of the political parties.
Thus political language has to consist largely of euphemism, question-begging
and sheer cloudy vagueness. Defenceless villages are bombed from the air, the
inhabitants are driven out into the countryside, the cattle machine-gunned, the
huts set on fire with incendiary bullets: this is called pacification. Millions of
peasants are robbed of their farms and sent trudging along the roads with no
more than they can carry: this is called transfer of population or rectification of
frontiers. People are imprisoned for years without trial, or shot in the back of
the neck or sent to die of scurvy in Arctic lumber camps: this is called elimination
of unreliable elements.

The simplification, distortion, and abuse of language by turning it into propaganda
is not restricted to fascist or Stalinist states, but is responsive to a far deeper
problem, which is the forced, impossible effort to suppress half of a paradox or
polarity, deny part of a contradiction, and obstruct inevitable changes. Alex Cary, for
example, attributes the widespread use of propaganda to increasing conflict between
democracy and corporate power:

The 20th century has been characterized by three developments of great
political importance: the growth of democracy, the growth of corporate power,
and the growth of propaganda as a means of protecting corporate power
against democracy.

Yet the same distortion of language into propaganda can be heard in statements
made by US political leaders prior to the war in Iraq, falsely collapsing Iraq into
Saddam Hussein, accusing him of hiding weapons of mass destruction that could
threaten US cities, linking September 11 to the Iraqi government, stereotyping Arabs
as terrorists, demonizing international opposition to the war, and making “preventive
war” seem necessary and inevitable.

Similar distortions can also be recognized in ordinary conflict stories, which
routinely demonize and stereotype our opponents, link them with events beyond
their control, make them seem more powerful than they actually are, ignore the
systemic sources of our suffering, personalize our problems, and trigger the fear and
anger that make our stories successful. For this reason, it is important to recognize
that evil is not something “out there,” inside someone else, beyond our reach, or in
poorer nations, but also something “in here,” inside ourselves, within our reach, and
happening every day in wealthier nations, including the US.

Israeli-Palestinian Conflicts

There have been countless conflicts in the history of the world in which accusations
of evil have been used to justify the commission of atrocities. A painful example
today is the Middle East, where there is so much raw, unresolved grief and insensible
hatred that antagonisms feel more like civil wars than wars between opposing
states. Entire nations vie, not only in their capacity for revenge, but in their stubborn
refusal to accept the necessity of learning how to live together and accept joint
responsibility for their slaughter of innocents. As former Israeli Prime Minister Golda
Meir painfully noted: “We can forgive the Palestinians for murdering our children,
but we can never forgive them for forcing us to murder theirs.”

When we examine these chronic revengeful conflicts, we cannot exclude Ireland,
the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, the Koreas, Southern Africa, and examples of
internecine warfare and national vendetta, from which no region is immune. By
doing so, we can identify seven features that routinely block resolution and invite
assumptions of evil. These include:

  1. Continuous, intimate, non-consensual relationships between closely
    related yet diverse parties
  2. Gross inequalities in the allocation and distribution of scarce resources, power, wealth, and status
  3. Disrespectful, unfair, oppressive, and exploitative attitudes and
    behaviors by those with more power against those with less
  4. Contemptuous, hostile, jealous, and resentful attitudes and behaviors
    by those with less power against those with more
  5. Use of “legitimate” forms of power to coerce or manipulate outcomes
    favoring the powerful and disfavoring the powerless
  6. Use of “illegitimate” forms of power by the powerless to block or
    provide wider access to legitimate forms of power controlled by the powerful
  7. Sufficient accumulation of unresolved grief, loss, fear, and pain on both
    sides to fuel allegations of evil, suppress compassion, amplify rage, encourage
    revenge, and obstruct closure.

These features can also be found in a wide range of personal, familial, organizational,
social, economic, and political conflicts. On every level and scale, we become stuck in
conflicts and justify our negative behaviors based on genuine experiences of pain
and anger that bolster our assumptions of evil. At a simple level, it feels logical: “If I
am good and have been hurt by you, it can only be because you are the kind of
person who hurts people for no reason.” In the process, we successfully disregard
the injuries and insensitivities we caused, stereotype our opponent, and justify our
refusal to listen to their explanations or pain because ours have not been heard or
ameliorated.

At a deeper level, everyone always and everywhere seeks power or control over their
environment, and few seek to share it or are willing to be on the unequal side of its
distribution. Yet power is fluid by nature and cannot be fixed. This causes those
who possess it to hoard it and distrust anyone who does not, and those who lack it
to act in ways that justify its use and intensify their desire to seize it. Since neither
side knows how to collaborate without appearing to betray their family, nation,
culture, or cause, their conflict slips into a descending cycle of accusation and
denunciation, rebellion and repression, terror and war.

The coexistence of intimacy with inequality and exploitation inevitably leads the
powerful to hold the powerless in a subordinate, dependent position, triggering a
polarization of attitudes and cascade of aggressive behaviors that lead to accusations
of evil on both sides. A subconscious awareness of the unfairness of inequality and
exploitation in the minds of the powerful lead them to fear the loss of their unequal
status and the retributive violence of the powerless. This causes them to become
further entrenched, protect their gains, and resist liberalization, democratization,
collaboration, and conflict resolution, which require power sharing.

The powerful increasingly come to believe they have only two alternatives: either
agree to the demands of the powerless and lose power for themselves, their families,
friends, and what they see as their civilizing mission; or use “legitimate” forms of
power to crush the powerless, thereby reinforcing the opposition of those they have
oppressed, strengthening their resistance, and encouraging them to use violence or
terror to achieve what they see as justice. These dynamics lead to stereotyping,
prejudice, discrimination, and marginalization of the powerless, including genocide
and ethnic cleansing, on the assumption that the powerless as a group are innately
evil.

In response, the powerless increasingly come to believe they also have only two
alternatives: either accept a temporary, tactical surrender, thereby permitting
inequality and exploitation to continue unabated; or use what the powerful define as
“illegitimate” forms of power to break their monopoly and end their exclusive control
over power and resources, thereby reinforcing the fears of the powerful,
strengthening their resistance, and encouraging continued destruction on both
sides. Each side behaves toward the other in ways that justify their worst fears,
causing the engine of violence to turn in a self-destructive circle.

Using interest-based conflict resolution methods, it is possible to identify a third
choice for both sides, which is to share their problems, acknowledge that they are
brothers, recognize that the true evil is not who they are, but their readiness to
regard each other as evil, and that they cannot brutalize each other without
brutalizing themselves. It is to understand that nothing can be gained through other
methods that is worth the cost; that their mutual slaughter has been a gigantic,
tragic, comic, pointless waste; and that they can reach out at any time to their
opponents without glossing over their differences. It is to recognize that there are
no differences they cannot solve through dialogue, negotiation, and conflict
resolution, or that are worth the damage created by their assumptions of evil. It is
to engage in open, honest, collaborative, on-going negotiations over issues of justice
and equality; strengthen political, economic, and social democracy; develop interest-
based conflict resolution skills; and elicit heartfelt communications that invite truth
and reconciliation.

How Should We Respond to Evil?

None of this is intended to imply that there is no such thing as evil, or that it is
justifiable, but rather that there is a genesis and logic to its development which,
when ignored, call forth adjunct evils in response. Evil is like a cancer that replicates
itself by demanding its own destruction, but only through evil means. As the Greek
playwright Sophocles wrote, “With evil all around me/There is nothing I can do that
is not evil.”

Evil has been attributed to everything from the external intervention of Satan to the
natural, internal operations of the Id. The French Philosopher Blaise Pascal thought
it came from “being unable to sit still in a room,” while Novelist Jeanette Winterson
wrote that “to change something you do not understand is the true nature of evil.”
Evil is simply the opposite of good, or rather, the good of one that undermines or
counteracts the good of another, as what benefits a parasite destroys its host. Yet if
good and evil are opposites, it is impossible to end one without also ending the
other.

From a conflict resolution perspective, evil is sometimes just a story describing what
our opponents did to harm us, while leaving out what we did to harm them.
Sometimes it is a failure to separate the act that caused harm from the people who
engaged in it, or an inability due to previous conflicts to experience empathy or
compassion for others. Sometimes it is negligence, accident, or false assumptions.
Sometimes it is deep disappointment, the outpourings of a culture of defeat, or a
desire to blame others for our own false expectations. Sometimes it is a way of
depriving others of the happiness we lost, or subconsciously trying to recreate in
others the conditions that caused us pain. As Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley wrote: “No
man consciously chooses evil because it is evil, he only mistakes it for the happiness
that he seeks.”

Yet there are people who take pleasure in the suffering of others, and it is little
consolation to know they had an unhappy childhood or are merely mistaken in
seeking their happiness when we suffer as a result of their actions. While there is
good in the worst of us and evil in the best of us, there are hierarchies of evil, and
some, like those who engineered the holocaust, belong to a different order. What,
then, do we do in the face of such evil?

While there may be people, times, and places when it is impossible not to answer
violence with violence and evil with evil, it is difficult to distinguish these moments
from those that occur everyday in ordinary interpersonal conflicts, except by
subjective measurements of their proximity and impact on us. The greater and closer
the harm feels to us, the easier it is to justify committing evil in response. Do minor
evils then justify minor evils in response? If so, where does it end? And who
decides which evil is worse, or whose suffering is greater and more deserving of
retribution?

Many people view truth, forgiveness, and reconciliation as laudable, yet impractical in
the face of evil and terror, and believe the only effective response is to crush them
wherever they exist with whatever power is available. Yet evil has always been a
response to prior evil acts that are used to justify the commission of equal or greater
evils in return. In this way, “eye for an eye” responses add to the total sum of
blindness, while assumptions of evil turn suffering in a circle.

While there may be times, as Bertold Brecht wrote, when it is necessary to “embrace
the butcher” to end an evil that will not desist until forced to do so, these cases
cannot be contained or defined. How do we know we are not simply transferring our
pain to someone else? When and how do we stop? What do we do in response to
subtler forms of terror, and commonplace evils? Who do we become as a result? At
what price? As Dwight Eisenhower told the London Guardian, “Every gun that is
made, every rocket fired, signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger
and are not fed, those who are cold and not clothed.”

Ultimately, there are three consistent responses to evil that do not end up replicating
it. The first is to use whatever means may be required to isolate, disarm, and contain
it, while at the same time addressing the underlying injustices that brought it into
existence. The second is to shift the way we react from power- to rights- to interest-
based approaches that do not invite evil responses. The third is to systematically
strengthen our skills and abilities in heart-based communications, including
forgiveness and reconciliation, which disable evil at its source in the tormented hearts
and minds of those who feel powerless to end or grieve their suffering.

These responses require us to encourage dialogue, joint problem solving, and
conflict resolution, while simultaneously acting to discourage vengeance, retaliation,
and unilateralism. They require us to negotiate, especially with our enemies, while
simultaneously minimizing their ability to create harm. They require us to accept
responsibility, for example, for the rise of fascism, as a result of our imposition of a
vindictive Treaty at Versailles, unwillingness to confront anti-Semitism, support for
brutal Tsarist regimes that inspired the Russian Revolution, lack of financial aid for
the struggling Weimar Republic, failure to assist the Spanish Republic, and similar
acts. Finally, they require us to recognize that can be no peace without justice there.

No Justice, No Peace

In order to discourage assumptions, allegations, and acts of evil and sustain warring
parties in dialogue and negotiation, we need to recognize that the true evil is
injustice, and as long as it continues, peace will be fleeting, fragile, and a
disappointing reminder of all we have suffered and lost. Under such conditions it is
easy to agree with Socrates’ adversary Thrasymachus that “justice is the interest of
the stronger,” or Franz Kafka that it is “a fugitive from the winning camp.”

Genuine, lasting peace is impossible in the absence of justice. Where injustice
prevails, peace becomes merely a way of masking and compounding prior crimes,
impeding necessary changes, and rationalizing injustices. As the Trappist monk
Thomas Merton presciently observed:

To some men peace merely means the liberty to exploit other people without
fear of retaliation or interference. To others peace means the freedom to rob
others without interruption. To still others it means the leisure to devour the
goods of the earth without being compelled to interrupt their pleasures to feed
those whom their greed is starving. And to practically everybody peace simply
means the absence of any physical violence that might cast a shadow over lives
devoted to the satisfaction of their animal appetites for comfort and leisure….
[T]heir idea of peace was only another form of war.

When millions lack the essentials of life, peace becomes a sanction for continued
suffering, and compromise a front for capitulation, passivity, and acceptance of
injustice. This led anthropologist Laura Nader to criticize mediation for its willingness
to “trade justice for harmony.” True peace requires justice and a dedication to
satisfying basic human needs, otherwise it is merely the self-interest of the satisfied,
the ruling clique, the oppressors, the victors in search of further spoils.

For peace to be achieved in the Middle East or elsewhere, it is essential that we
neither trivialize conflict nor become stuck in the language of good and evil, but work
collaboratively and compassionately to redress the underlying injustices and pain
each side caused the other. Ultimately, this means sharing power and resources,
advantages and disadvantages, successes and failures, and satisfying everyone’s
legitimate interests. It means collaborating and making decisions together. It means
giving up being right and assuming others are wrong. It means taking the time to
work through our differences, and making our opponents interests our own.

In helping to make these shifts and move from Apartheid to integration, the South
African Truth and Reconciliation Commission found that for people to reach
forgiveness, they needed to exchange personal stories of anger, fear, pain, jealousy,
guilt, grief, and shame; to empathize, recognize, and acknowledge each other’s
interests; to engage in open, honest dialogue; to reorient themselves to the future;
to participate in rituals of collective grief that released their pain and loss; and to
mourn those who died because neither side had the wisdom or courage to apologize
for their assumptions of evil, or the evil they caused their opponents and themselves.

At the same time, they also needed to improve the daily lives of those who suffered
and were treated unjustly under apartheid. Where shanty towns coexist with
country clubs, peace cannot be lasting or secure. Where some go hungry while
others are well-fed, terror and violence are nourished. In the end, it comes down to
a question of sharing wealth and power, realizing that we are all one family, and that
an injury to one is genuinely an injury to all.

Making justice an integral part of conflict resolution and the search for peaceful
solutions means not merely settling conflicts, but resolving, transforming, and
transcending them by turning them into levers of social dialogue and learning,
catalysts of community and collaboration, and commitments to political, economic,
and social change. By failing to take these additional remedial steps, we make justice
secondary to peace, undermine both, guarantee the continuation of our conflicts, and
prepare the way for more to come.

From Power and Rights to Interests

Political conflicts can only support justice and serve as engines of constructive
political, economic, and social development if the means and methods by which they
are resolved promote just, collaborative ends. The principal means we have used to
resolve political conflicts for thousands of years have been oriented toward power,
including war, genocide, terror, domination, and suppression of those seeking
change.

Over the last several centuries, we have developed less destructive methods of
resolving conflicts based on rights, including adjudication, adversarial negotiations,
bureaucratic procedures, coercion, and isolation of those seeking change. What we
now require are interest-based methods for resolving political, economic, and social
conflicts that integrate peace with justice and undermine resort to evil, including
informal problem solving, collaborative negotiation, team and community building,
consensus decision making, public dialogue, mediation, and actively rewarding those
seeking change.

The problem with most efforts to suppress evil or redress injustices is that they
adopt power- or rights-based approaches which result in deeper polarization,
resistance, and win/lose outcomes that simply trade one form of evil or injustice for
another. One side then becomes frightened of going too far, tired of fighting, willing
to tolerate continuing injustices, and settles or compromises their conflicts rather
than resolving, transforming, or transcending them.

Approaching evil and injustice from an interest-based perspective means listening to
the deeper truths that gave rise to them, extending compassion even to those who
were responsible for evils or injustices, and seeking not merely to replace one evil or
injustice with another, but to reduce their attractiveness by designing outcomes,
processes, and relationships that encourage adversaries to work collaboratively to
satisfy their interests.

Evil and injustice can therefore be considered byproducts of reliance on power or
rights, and failures or refusals to learn and evolve. All political systems generate
chronic conflicts that reveal their internal weaknesses, external pressures, and
demands for evolutionary change. Power- and rights-based systems are adversarial
and unstable, and therefore avoid, deny, resist, and defend themselves against
change. As a result, they suppress conflicts or treat them as purely interpersonal,
leaving insiders less informed and able to adapt, and outsiders feeling they were
treated unjustly and contemplating evil in response.

As pressures to change increase, these systems must either adapt, or turn
reactionary and take a punitive, retaliatory attitude toward those seeking to promote
change, delaying their own evolution. Only interest-based systems are fully able to
seek out their weaknesses, proactively evolve, transform conflicts into sources of
learning, and celebrate those who brought them to their attention.

Conflict and Political Change

Conflict is the principal means by which significant social and political changes have
taken place throughout history. Wars and revolutions can be understood as efforts
to resolve deep-seated political, economic, and social conflicts for which no other
means of resolution was understood or acceptable to either or both sides, blocking
evolutionary change.

When conflicts and pressure to change accumulate, even trivial interpersonal
disputes can stimulate far-reaching systemic transformations. In any fragile system,
be it familial, organizational, social, or political, resolving conflict can therefore
become a dangerous, even revolutionary activity, because it encourages people to
redress their injustices, collaborate on solutions, and evolve in ways that could
fundamentally transform the system. Indeed, it is possible to regard every
collaborative, interest-based effort to resolve systemic conflict as a small but
significant resolution, transformation, and transcendence of the system that gave rise
to it.

Collaborative, interest-based processes can “socialize,” or broaden our conflicts,
allowing us to address their systemic sources through group dialogue and discussion,
analysis of systemic issues, and recommendations for preventative, system-wide,
strategic improvement without political intrigue and infighting. Responsibility for
resolving conflicts can then be extended beyond a small circle of primary antagonists
to include allies, secret partners, neutral bystanders, and others whose relationship
to the participants or issues could make complete solutions possible.

Interest-based conflict resolution techniques offer political systems democratic,
socially engaging methods for learning and evolving through conflict. They free us
to address political disputes based on equality, respect for diversity, recognition of
interests, principled dialogue, collaborative negotiation, and consensus, rather than a
desire to retain power or rights. In these ways, peace merges with justice,
encouraging learning and evolution.

Yet we can go further and develop preventative, strategic, scale-free approaches to
conflict resolution that use storytelling techniques, for example, to promote
understanding between hostile social groups; public dialogue techniques to stimulate
understanding between representatives of opposing points of view; public policy and
environmental mediation techniques to locate complex solutions to intractable
political problems; prejudice reduction and bias awareness techniques to increase
cross-cultural understanding; and heart-based techniques such as truth and
reconciliation commissions to promote reconciliation.

Whether our conflicts are intensely personal and between private individuals, or
intensely political and between nations and cultures, three critical areas require on-
going improvement and transformation. These are: our personal capacity for
introspection, integrity, and spiritual growth; our interpersonal capacity for
egalitarian, collaborative, heartfelt communication and relationships; and our social,
economic, and political capacity for designing preventative, systemic, strategic
approaches to conflict resolution, community, and change.

By creatively combining conflict resolution systems design principles with strategic
planning, team building, meditation and spiritual practices, community organizing,
and heart-based conflict resolution techniques, we can significantly improve our
ability to resolve international political and cross-cultural disputes before they
become needlessly destructive. Yet conflict resolution carries a price in the form of
our willingness to listen to ideas we dislike and share power and control over
outcomes with people different from ourselves.

Ultimately, transcending conflict means giving up unjust, unequal power- and rights-
based systems, and seeking instead to satisfy interests, which is why we seek power
and rights in the first place. This means surrendering our power to take from others
what does not belong to us, and right to coerce them into giving what they are
otherwise unwilling to give. Accepting this price allows us to achieve a higher value
and right, merge peace with justice, and immensely improve our personal and
political lives.

 

 

Kenneth Cloke is Director of the Center for Dispute Resolution. He is a mediator, arbitrator, consultant and trainer, specializing in resolving complex multi-party conflicts. He is a nationally recognized leader in the field of conflict resolution. His consulting and training practice includes organizational change, leadership, communication, conflict
resolution, negotiation, team building and strategic planning. He is a published author of Mediation: Revenge and the Magic of Forgiveness and Mediating Dangerously: The Frontiers of Conflict Resolution. He is co-author with Joan Goldsmith of Thank God It’s Monday! 14 Values We Need to Humanize The Way We Work; Resolving Conflicts at Work: A Complete Guide for Everyone on the Job; Resolving Personal and Organizational Disputes: Stories of Transformation and Forgiveness; The End of Management and The Rise of Organizational Democracy; and,The Art of Waking People Up: Cultivating Awareness and Authenticity at Work .